Job Duties Custom List 11-3111.00 — Compensation and Benefits Managers

Develop methods to improve employment policies, processes, and practices, and recommend changes to management.

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Closely Related Tasks	All Related Tasks	Job Zone	Code	Occupation
5	6	4	11-9199.01	Regulatory Affairs Managers
3	5	5	11-9032.00	Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary
3	3	5	11-9033.00	Education Administrators, Postsecondary
2	5	4	11-3031.01	Treasurers and Controllers Bright Outlook
2	4	5	11-9121.00	Natural Sciences Managers
2	4	4	11-9199.02	Compliance Managers
2	3	4	11-3031.00	Financial Managers
2	3	4	11-3051.00	Industrial Production Managers
2	3	4	11-9199.08	Loss Prevention Managers
2	3	4	11-3051.01	Quality Control Systems Managers
2	3	4	11-3071.04	Supply Chain Managers
2	2	4	11-3021.00	Computer and Information Systems Managers
2	2	5	11-9041.00	Architectural and Engineering Managers
1	3	4	11-9031.00	Education and Childcare Administrators, Preschool and Daycare
1	3	4	11-1021.00	General and Operations Managers
1	3	4	11-2021.00	Marketing Managers
1	3	5	11-1011.00	Chief Executives
1	2	4	11-2033.00	Fundraising Managers
1	2	4	11-9151.00	Social and Community Service Managers
1	2	3	11-3012.00	Administrative Services Managers
1	2	3	11-9171.00	Funeral Home Managers
1	2	2	37-1011.00	First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers
1	2	2	11-9051.00	Food Service Managers
1	2	4	11-3013.01	Security Managers
1	2	4	11-3071.00	Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers
1	1	4	11-9111.00	Medical and Health Services Managers
1	1	4	11-3061.00	Purchasing Managers
1	1	4	15-1299.05	Information Security Engineers
1	1	4	13-1082.00	Project Management Specialists
1	1	4	11-2032.00	Public Relations Managers
1	1	4	11-9161.00	Emergency Management Directors
1	1	4	11-9179.01	Fitness and Wellness Coordinators
1	1	4	11-9081.00	Lodging Managers
1	1	4	11-9021.00	Construction Managers
1	1	4	11-3121.00	Human Resources Managers
1	1	3	37-1012.00	First-Line Supervisors of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers
1	1	4	11-1031.00	Legislators

Job Duties: Regulatory Affairs Managers

Develop regulatory strategies and implementation plans for the preparation and submission of new products.
Formulate or implement regulatory affairs policies and procedures to ensure that regulatory compliance is maintained or enhanced.
Develop and maintain standard operating procedures or local working practices.
Contribute to the development or implementation of business unit strategic and operating plans.
Establish procedures or systems for publishing document submissions in hardcopy or electronic formats.

Participate in the development or implementation of clinical trial protocols.

Provide responses to regulatory agencies regarding product information or issues.
Direct the preparation and submission of regulatory agency applications, reports, or correspondence.
Review all regulatory agency submission materials to ensure timeliness, accuracy, comprehensiveness, or compliance with regulatory standards.
Manage activities such as audits, regulatory agency inspections, or product recalls.
Maintain current knowledge of relevant regulations, including proposed and final rules.
Review materials such as marketing literature or user manuals to ensure that regulatory agency requirements are met.
Communicate regulatory information to multiple departments and ensure that information is interpreted correctly.
Provide regulatory guidance to departments or development project teams regarding design, development, evaluation, or marketing of products.
Direct documentation efforts to ensure compliance with domestic and international regulations and standards.
Monitor emerging trends regarding industry regulations to determine potential impacts on organizational processes.
Investigate product complaints and prepare documentation and submissions to appropriate regulatory agencies as necessary.
Represent organizations before domestic or international regulatory agencies on major policy matters or decisions regarding company products.
Train staff in regulatory policies or procedures.
Implement or monitor complaint processing systems to ensure effective and timely resolution of all complaint investigations.
Coordinate internal discoveries and depositions with legal department staff.
Develop relationships with state or federal environmental regulatory agencies to learn about and analyze the potential impacts of proposed environmental policy regulations.
Establish regulatory priorities or budgets and allocate resources and workloads.
Evaluate new software publishing systems and confer with regulatory agencies concerning news or updates on electronic publishing of submissions.
Monitor regulatory affairs activities to ensure their alignment with corporate sustainability or green initiatives.
Monitor regulatory affairs trends related to environmental issues.
Evaluate regulatory affairs aspects that are specifically green, such as the use of toxic substances in packaging, carbon footprinting issues, or green policy implementation.
Develop regulatory strategies and implementation plans for the preparation and submission of new products.
Formulate or implement regulatory affairs policies and procedures to ensure that regulatory compliance is maintained or enhanced.
Develop and maintain standard operating procedures or local working practices.
Contribute to the development or implementation of business unit strategic and operating plans.
Establish procedures or systems for publishing document submissions in hardcopy or electronic formats.
Participate in the development or implementation of clinical trial protocols.

Job Duties: Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary

Review and approve new programs, or recommend modifications to existing programs, submitting program proposals for school board approval as necessary.
Review and interpret government codes, and develop programs to ensure adherence to codes and facility safety, security, and maintenance.
Plan, coordinate, and oversee school logistics programs, such as bus and food services.

Set educational standards and goals, and help establish policies and procedures to carry them out.
Recommend personnel actions related to programs and services.

Evaluate curricula, teaching methods, and programs to determine their effectiveness, efficiency, and use, and to ensure compliance with federal, state, and local regulations.
Observe teaching methods and examine learning materials to evaluate and standardize curricula and teaching techniques and to determine areas for improvement.
Counsel and provide guidance to students regarding personal, academic, vocational, or behavioral issues.
Collaborate with teachers to develop and maintain curriculum standards, develop mission statements, and set performance goals and objectives.
Direct and coordinate activities of teachers, administrators, and support staff at schools, public agencies, and institutions.
Recruit, hire, train, and evaluate primary and supplemental staff.
Confer with parents and staff to discuss educational activities, policies, and student behavior or learning problems.
Enforce discipline and attendance rules.
Create school improvement plans, using student performance data.
Plan and lead professional development activities for teachers, administrators, and support staff.
Participate in special education-related activities, such as attending meetings and providing support to special educators throughout the district.
Plan and develop instructional methods and content for educational, vocational, or student activity programs.
Determine the scope of educational program offerings, and prepare drafts of course schedules and descriptions to estimate staffing and facility requirements.
Prepare and submit budget requests and recommendations, or grant proposals to solicit program funding.
Develop partnerships with businesses, communities, and other organizations to help meet identified educational needs and to provide school-to-work programs.
Determine allocations of funds for staff, supplies, materials, and equipment, and authorize purchases.
Direct and coordinate school maintenance services and the use of school facilities.
Organize and direct committees of specialists, volunteers, and staff to provide technical and advisory assistance for programs.
Prepare, maintain, or oversee the preparation and maintenance of attendance, activity, planning, or personnel reports and records.
Mentor and support administrative staff members, such as superintendents and principals.
Establish, coordinate, and oversee particular programs across school districts, such as programs to evaluate student academic achievement.
Coordinate and direct extracurricular activities and programs, such as after-school events and athletic contests.
Advocate for new schools to be built, or for existing facilities to be repaired or remodeled.
Teach classes or courses to students.
Meet with federal, state, and local agencies to stay abreast of policies and to discuss improvements for education programs.
Write articles, manuals, and other publications, and assist in the distribution of promotional literature about facilities and programs.
Collect and analyze survey data, regulatory information, and data on demographic and employment trends to forecast enrollment patterns and curriculum change needs.
Review and approve new programs, or recommend modifications to existing programs, submitting program proposals for school board approval as necessary.
Review and interpret government codes, and develop programs to ensure adherence to codes and facility safety, security, and maintenance.
Plan, coordinate, and oversee school logistics programs, such as bus and food services.
Set educational standards and goals, and help establish policies and procedures to carry them out.
Recommend personnel actions related to programs and services.

Job Duties: Education Administrators, Postsecondary

Formulate strategic plans for the institution.
Establish operational policies and procedures and make any necessary modifications, based on analysis of operations, demographics, and other research information.
Develop curricula, and recommend curricula revisions and additions.

Design or use assessments to monitor student learning outcomes.
Recruit, hire, train, and terminate departmental personnel.
Direct, coordinate, and evaluate the activities of personnel, including support staff engaged in administering academic institutions, departments, or alumni organizations.
Advise students on issues such as course selection, progress toward graduation, and career decisions.
Plan, administer, and control budgets, maintain financial records, and produce financial reports.
Provide assistance to faculty and staff in duties such as teaching classes, conducting orientation programs, issuing transcripts, and scheduling events.
Represent institutions at community and campus events, in meetings with other institution personnel, and during accreditation processes.
Prepare reports on academic or institutional data.
Promote the university by participating in community, state, and national events or meetings, and by developing partnerships with industry and secondary education institutions.
Participate in faculty and college committee activities.
Direct activities of administrative departments, such as admissions, registration, and career services.
Appoint individuals to faculty positions, and evaluate their performance.
Consult with government regulatory and licensing agencies to ensure the institution's conformance with applicable standards.
Participate in student recruitment, selection, and admission, making admissions recommendations when required to do so.
Determine course schedules, and coordinate teaching assignments and room assignments to ensure optimum use of buildings and equipment.
Teach courses within their department.
Review student misconduct reports requiring disciplinary action, and counsel students regarding such reports.
Review registration statistics, and consult with faculty officials to develop registration policies.
Confer with other academic staff to explain and formulate admission requirements and course credit policies.
Direct scholarship, fellowship, and loan programs, performing activities such as selecting recipients and distributing aid.
Direct and participate in institutional fundraising activities, and encourage alumni participation in such activities.
Coordinate the production and dissemination of university publications, such as course catalogs and class schedules.
Write grants to procure external funding, and supervise grant-funded projects.
Plan and promote sporting events and social, cultural, and recreational activities.
Audit the financial status of student organizations and facility accounts.
Oversee facilities management for the university, including construction, repair, and maintenance projects.
Formulate strategic plans for the institution.
Establish operational policies and procedures and make any necessary modifications, based on analysis of operations, demographics, and other research information.
Develop curricula, and recommend curricula revisions and additions.

Job Duties: Treasurers and Controllers

Evaluate needs for procurement of funds and investment of surpluses and make appropriate recommendations.
Develop internal control policies, guidelines, and procedures for activities, such as budget administration, cash and credit management, and accounting.

Advise management on short-term and long-term financial objectives, policies, and actions.
Provide direction and assistance to other organizational units regarding accounting and budgeting policies and procedures and efficient control and utilization of financial resources.
Determine depreciation rates to apply to capitalized items and advise management on actions regarding the purchase, lease, or disposal of such items.

Delegate authority for the receipt, disbursement, banking, protection, and custody of funds, securities, and financial instruments.
Develop and maintain relationships with banking, insurance, and external accounting personnel to facilitate financial activities.
Monitor financial activities and details, such as cash flow and reserve levels, to ensure that all legal and regulatory requirements are met.
Receive, record, and authorize requests for disbursements in accordance with company policies and procedures.
Coordinate and direct the financial planning, budgeting, procurement, or investment activities of all or part of an organization.
Receive cash and checks and make deposits.
Prepare or direct preparation of financial statements, business activity reports, financial position forecasts, annual budgets, or reports required by regulatory agencies.
Monitor and evaluate the performance of accounting and other financial staff, recommending and implementing personnel actions, such as promotions and dismissals.
Analyze the financial details of past, present, and expected operations to identify development opportunities and areas where improvement is needed.
Conduct or coordinate audits of company accounts and financial transactions to ensure compliance with state and federal requirements and statutes.
Maintain current knowledge of organizational policies and procedures, federal and state policies and directives, and current accounting standards.
Lead staff training and development in budgeting and financial management areas.
Prepare and file annual tax returns or prepare financial information so that outside accountants can complete tax returns.
Supervise employees performing financial reporting, accounting, billing, collections, payroll, and budgeting duties.
Perform tax planning work.
Compute, withhold, and account for all payroll deductions.
Handle all aspects of employee insurance, benefits, and casualty programs, including monitoring changes in health insurance regulations and creating budgets for benefits and worker's compensation.
Evaluate needs for procurement of funds and investment of surpluses and make appropriate recommendations.
Develop internal control policies, guidelines, and procedures for activities, such as budget administration, cash and credit management, and accounting.
Advise management on short-term and long-term financial objectives, policies, and actions.
Provide direction and assistance to other organizational units regarding accounting and budgeting policies and procedures and efficient control and utilization of financial resources.
Determine depreciation rates to apply to capitalized items and advise management on actions regarding the purchase, lease, or disposal of such items.

Job Duties: Natural Sciences Managers

Plan or direct research, development, or production activities.
Develop or implement policies, standards, or procedures for the architectural, scientific, or technical work performed to ensure regulatory compliance or operations enhancement.

Design or coordinate successive phases of problem analysis, solution proposals, or testing.
Develop innovative technology or train staff for its implementation.

Hire, supervise, or evaluate engineers, technicians, researchers, or other staff.
Review project activities and prepare and review research, testing, or operational reports.
Confer with scientists, engineers, regulators, or others to plan or review projects or to provide technical assistance.
Develop client relationships and communicate with clients to explain proposals, present research findings, establish specifications, or discuss project status.
Determine scientific or technical goals within broad outlines provided by top management and make detailed plans to accomplish these goals.
Prepare project proposals.
Recruit personnel or oversee the development or maintenance of staff competence.
Prepare and administer budgets, approve and review expenditures, and prepare financial reports.
Conduct own research in field of expertise.
Make presentations at professional meetings to further knowledge in the field.
Provide for stewardship of plant or animal resources or habitats, studying land use, monitoring animal populations, or providing shelter, resources, or medical treatment for animals.
Advise or assist in obtaining patents or meeting other legal requirements.
Plan or direct research, development, or production activities.
Develop or implement policies, standards, or procedures for the architectural, scientific, or technical work performed to ensure regulatory compliance or operations enhancement.
Design or coordinate successive phases of problem analysis, solution proposals, or testing.
Develop innovative technology or train staff for its implementation.

Job Duties: Compliance Managers

Direct the development or implementation of policies and procedures related to compliance throughout an organization.
Design or implement improvements in communication, monitoring, or enforcement of compliance standards.

Advise internal management or business partners on the implementation or operation of compliance programs.
Review or modify policies or operating guidelines to comply with changes to environmental standards or regulations.

Report violations of compliance or regulatory standards to duly authorized enforcement agencies as appropriate or required.
Identify compliance issues that require follow-up or investigation.
Discuss emerging compliance issues to ensure that management and employees are informed about compliance reporting systems, policies, and practices.
File appropriate compliance reports with regulatory agencies.
Maintain documentation of compliance activities, such as complaints received or investigation outcomes.
Consult with corporate attorneys as necessary to address difficult legal compliance issues.
Conduct or direct the internal investigation of compliance issues.
Provide employee training on compliance related topics, policies, or procedures.
Serve as a confidential point of contact for employees to communicate with management, seek clarification on issues or dilemmas, or report irregularities.
Verify that all regulatory policies and procedures have been documented, implemented, and communicated.
Disseminate written policies and procedures related to compliance activities.
Prepare management reports regarding compliance operations and progress.
Conduct periodic internal reviews or audits to ensure that compliance procedures are followed.
Keep informed regarding pending industry changes, trends, or best practices.
Monitor compliance systems to ensure their effectiveness.
Provide assistance to internal or external auditors in compliance reviews.
Collaborate with human resources departments to ensure the implementation of consistent disciplinary action strategies in cases of compliance standard violations.
Develop risk management strategies based on assessment of product, compliance, or operational risks.
Advise technical professionals on the development or use of environmental compliance or reporting tools.
Develop or implement environmental compliance plans for programs, such as air quality, storm water, wastewater treatment, hazardous waste management, pollution prevention, or solid waste management.
Conduct environmental audits to ensure adherence to environmental standards.
Evaluate testing procedures to meet the specifications of environmental monitoring programs.
Review communications such as securities sales advertising to ensure there are no violations of standards or regulations.
Oversee internal reporting systems, such as corporate compliance hotlines.
Verify that software technology is in place to adequately provide oversight and monitoring in all required areas.
Direct environmental programs, such as air or water compliance, aboveground or underground storage tanks, spill prevention or control, hazardous waste or materials management, solid waste recycling, medical waste management, indoor air quality, integrated pest management, employee training, or disaster preparedness.
Direct the development or implementation of policies and procedures related to compliance throughout an organization.
Design or implement improvements in communication, monitoring, or enforcement of compliance standards.
Advise internal management or business partners on the implementation or operation of compliance programs.
Review or modify policies or operating guidelines to comply with changes to environmental standards or regulations.

Job Duties: Financial Managers

Evaluate financial reporting systems, accounting or collection procedures, or investment activities and make recommendations for changes to procedures, operating systems, budgets, or other financial control functions.
Plan, direct, and coordinate risk and insurance programs of establishments to control risks and losses.

Establish procedures for custody or control of assets, records, loan collateral, or securities to ensure safekeeping.

Establish and maintain relationships with individual or business customers or provide assistance with problems these customers may encounter.
Oversee the flow of cash or financial instruments.
Plan, direct, or coordinate the activities of workers in branches, offices, or departments of establishments, such as branch banks, brokerage firms, risk and insurance departments, or credit departments.
Recruit staff members.
Evaluate data pertaining to costs to plan budgets.
Oversee training programs.
Communicate with stockholders or other investors to provide information or to raise capital.
Develop or analyze information to assess the current or future financial status of firms.
Approve, reject, or coordinate the approval or rejection of lines of credit or commercial, real estate, or personal loans.
Prepare financial or regulatory reports required by laws, regulations, or boards of directors.
Examine, evaluate, or process loan applications.
Network within communities to find and attract new business.
Prepare operational or risk reports for management analysis.
Review collection reports to determine the status of collections and the amounts of outstanding balances.
Analyze and classify risks and investments to determine their potential impacts on companies.
Direct insurance negotiations, select insurance brokers or carriers, and place insurance.
Submit delinquent accounts to attorneys or outside agencies for collection.
Review reports of securities transactions or price lists to analyze market conditions.
Evaluate financial reporting systems, accounting or collection procedures, or investment activities and make recommendations for changes to procedures, operating systems, budgets, or other financial control functions.
Plan, direct, and coordinate risk and insurance programs of establishments to control risks and losses.
Establish procedures for custody or control of assets, records, loan collateral, or securities to ensure safekeeping.

Job Duties: Industrial Production Managers

Set and monitor product standards, examining samples of raw products or directing testing during processing, to ensure finished products are of prescribed quality.
Coordinate or recommend procedures for facility or equipment maintenance or modification, including the replacement of machines.

Develop or implement production tracking or quality control systems, analyzing production, quality control, maintenance, or other operational reports to detect production problems.

Direct or coordinate production, processing, distribution, or marketing activities of industrial organizations.
Review processing schedules or production orders to make decisions concerning inventory requirements, staffing requirements, work procedures, or duty assignments, considering budgetary limitations and time constraints.
Review operations and confer with technical or administrative staff to resolve production or processing problems.
Hire, train, evaluate, or discharge staff or resolve personnel grievances.
Prepare and maintain production reports or personnel records.
Review plans and confer with research or support staff to develop new products or processes.
Develop budgets or approve expenditures for supplies, materials, or human resources, ensuring that materials, labor, or equipment are used efficiently to meet production targets.
Maintain current knowledge of the quality control field, relying on current literature pertaining to materials use, technological advances, or statistical studies.
Initiate or coordinate inventory or cost control programs.
Negotiate materials prices with suppliers.
Conduct site audits to ensure adherence to safety and environmental regulations.
Develop or enforce procedures for normal operation of manufacturing systems.
Implement operational and emergency procedures.
Maintain records to demonstrate compliance with safety and environmental laws, regulations, or policies.
Monitor permit requirements for updates.
Optimize operational costs and productivity consistent with safety and environmental rules and regulations.
Prepare reports on operations and system productivity or efficiency.
Supervise subordinate employees.
Set and monitor product standards, examining samples of raw products or directing testing during processing, to ensure finished products are of prescribed quality.
Coordinate or recommend procedures for facility or equipment maintenance or modification, including the replacement of machines.
Develop or implement production tracking or quality control systems, analyzing production, quality control, maintenance, or other operational reports to detect production problems.

Job Duties: Loss Prevention Managers

Identify potential for loss and develop strategies to eliminate it.
Recommend improvements in loss prevention programs, staffing, scheduling, or training.

Advise retail establishments on development of loss-investigation procedures.

Coordinate or conduct internal investigations of problems such as employee theft and violations of corporate loss prevention policies.
Administer systems and programs to reduce loss, maintain inventory control, or increase safety.
Review loss prevention exception reports and cash discrepancies to ensure adherence to guidelines.
Train loss prevention staff, retail managers, or store employees on loss control and prevention measures.
Investigate or interview individuals suspected of shoplifting or internal theft.
Provide recommendations and solutions in crisis situations such as workplace violence, protests, and demonstrations.
Hire or supervise loss prevention staff.
Advise retail managers on compliance with applicable codes, laws, regulations, or standards.
Develop and maintain partnerships with federal, state, or local law enforcement agencies or members of the retail loss prevention community.
Perform or direct inventory investigations in response to shrink results outside of acceptable ranges.
Maintain documentation of all loss prevention activity.
Assess security needs across locations to ensure proper deployment of loss prevention resources, such as staff and technology.
Monitor compliance to operational, safety, or inventory control procedures, including physical security standards.
Verify correct use and maintenance of physical security systems, such as closed-circuit television, merchandise tags, and burglar alarms.
Visit stores to ensure compliance with company policies and procedures.
Analyze retail data to identify current or emerging trends in theft or fraud.
Direct loss prevention audit programs including target store audits, maintenance audits, safety audits, or electronic article surveillance (EAS) audits.
Collaborate with law enforcement to investigate and solve external theft or fraud cases.
Coordinate theft and fraud investigations involving career criminals or organized group activities.
Supervise surveillance, detection, or criminal processing related to theft and criminal cases.
Perform cash audits and deposit investigations to fully account for store cash.
Direct installation of covert surveillance equipment, such as security cameras.
Monitor and review paperwork procedures and systems to prevent error-related shortages.
Maintain databases such as bad check logs, reports on multiple offenders, and alarm activation lists.
Identify potential for loss and develop strategies to eliminate it.
Recommend improvements in loss prevention programs, staffing, scheduling, or training.
Advise retail establishments on development of loss-investigation procedures.

Job Duties: Quality Control Systems Managers

Identify quality problems or areas for improvement and recommend solutions.
Create and implement inspection and testing criteria or procedures.

Identify critical points in the manufacturing process and specify sampling procedures to be used at these points.

Stop production if serious product defects are present.
Review and update standard operating procedures or quality assurance manuals.
Monitor performance of quality control systems to ensure effectiveness and efficiency.
Review quality documentation necessary for regulatory submissions and inspections.
Analyze quality control test results and provide feedback and interpretation to production management or staff.
Verify that raw materials, purchased parts or components, in-process samples, and finished products meet established testing and inspection standards.
Oversee workers including supervisors, inspectors, or laboratory workers engaged in testing activities.
Direct product testing activities throughout production cycles.
Instruct staff in quality control and analytical procedures.
Direct the tracking of defects, test results, or other regularly reported quality control data.
Participate in the development of product specifications.
Collect and analyze production samples to evaluate quality.
Produce reports regarding nonconformance of products or processes, daily production quality, root cause analyses, or quality trends.
Communicate quality control information to all relevant organizational departments, outside vendors, or contractors.
Monitor development of new products to help identify possible problems for mass production.
Document testing procedures, methodologies, or criteria.
Review statistical studies, technological advances, or regulatory standards and trends to stay abreast of issues in the field of quality control.
Coordinate the selection and implementation of quality control equipment, such as inspection gauges.
Generate and maintain quality control operating budgets.
Instruct vendors or contractors on quality guidelines, testing procedures, or ways to eliminate deficiencies.
Confer with marketing and sales departments to define client requirements and expectations.
Evaluate new testing and sampling methodologies or technologies to determine usefulness.
Review and approve quality plans submitted by contractors.
Audit and inspect subcontractor facilities including external laboratories.
Identify quality problems or areas for improvement and recommend solutions.
Create and implement inspection and testing criteria or procedures.
Identify critical points in the manufacturing process and specify sampling procedures to be used at these points.

Job Duties: Supply Chain Managers

Develop procedures for coordination of supply chain management with other functional areas, such as sales, marketing, finance, production, or quality assurance.
Design or implement plant warehousing strategies for production materials or finished products.

Design or implement supply chains that support business strategies adapted to changing market conditions, new business opportunities, or cost reduction strategies.

Determine appropriate equipment and staffing levels to load, unload, move, or store materials.
Manage activities related to strategic or tactical purchasing, material requirements planning, controlling inventory, warehousing, or receiving.
Select transportation routes to maximize economy by combining shipments or consolidating warehousing and distribution.
Define performance metrics for measurement, comparison, or evaluation of supply chain factors, such as product cost or quality.
Implement new or improved supply chain processes to improve efficiency or performance.
Confer with supply chain planners to forecast demand or create supply plans that ensure availability of materials or products.
Analyze inventories to determine how to increase inventory turns, reduce waste, or optimize customer service.
Negotiate prices and terms with suppliers, vendors, or freight forwarders.
Analyze information about supplier performance or procurement program success.
Monitor suppliers' activities to assess performance in meeting quality or delivery requirements.
Meet with suppliers to discuss performance metrics, to provide performance feedback, or to discuss production forecasts or changes.
Monitor forecasts and quotas to identify changes and predict effects on supply chain activities.
Participate in the coordination of engineering changes, product line extensions, or new product launches to ensure orderly and timely transitions in material or production flow.
Identify or qualify new suppliers in collaboration with other departments, such as procurement, engineering, or quality assurance.
Design, implement, or oversee product take back or reverse logistics programs to ensure products are recycled, reused, or responsibly disposed.
Develop or implement procedures or systems to evaluate or select suppliers.
Document physical supply chain processes, such as workflows, cycle times, position responsibilities, or system flows.
Diagram supply chain models to help facilitate discussions with customers.
Evaluate and select information or other technology solutions to improve tracking and reporting of materials or products distribution, storage, or inventory.
Identify opportunities to reuse or recycle materials to minimize consumption of new materials, minimize waste, or to convert wastes to by-products.
Review or update supply chain practices in accordance with new or changing environmental policies, standards, regulations, or laws.
Design or implement supply chains that support environmental policies.
Forecast material costs or develop standard cost lists.
Locate or select biodegradable, non-toxic, or other environmentally friendly raw materials for manufacturing processes.
Appraise vendor manufacturing capabilities through on-site observations or other measurements.
Conduct or oversee the conduct of life cycle analyses to determine the environmental impacts of products, processes, or systems.
Investigate or review the carbon footprints and environmental performance records of current or potential storage and distribution service providers.
Develop procedures for coordination of supply chain management with other functional areas, such as sales, marketing, finance, production, or quality assurance.
Design or implement plant warehousing strategies for production materials or finished products.
Design or implement supply chains that support business strategies adapted to changing market conditions, new business opportunities, or cost reduction strategies.

Job Duties: Computer and Information Systems Managers

Develop and interpret organizational goals, policies, and procedures.
Evaluate the organization's technology use and needs and recommend improvements, such as hardware and software upgrades.

Direct daily operations of department, analyzing workflow, establishing priorities, developing standards and setting deadlines.
Meet with department heads, managers, supervisors, vendors, and others, to solicit cooperation and resolve problems.
Review project plans to plan and coordinate project activity.
Assign and review the work of systems analysts, programmers, and other computer-related workers.
Provide users with technical support for computer problems.
Develop computer information resources, providing for data security and control, strategic computing, and disaster recovery.
Recruit, hire, train and supervise staff, or participate in staffing decisions.
Stay abreast of advances in technology.
Consult with users, management, vendors, and technicians to assess computing needs and system requirements.
Review and approve all systems charts and programs prior to their implementation.
Prepare and review operational reports or project progress reports.
Evaluate data processing proposals to assess project feasibility and requirements.
Control operational budget and expenditures.
Purchase necessary equipment.
Manage backup, security and user help systems.
Develop and interpret organizational goals, policies, and procedures.
Evaluate the organization's technology use and needs and recommend improvements, such as hardware and software upgrades.

Job Duties: Architectural and Engineering Managers

Develop or implement policies, standards, or procedures for engineering and technical work.
Plan, direct, or coordinate survey work with other project activities.

Manage the coordination and overall integration of technical activities in architecture or engineering projects.
Direct, review, or approve project design changes.
Consult or negotiate with clients to prepare project specifications.
Prepare budgets, bids, or contracts.
Present and explain proposals, reports, or findings to clients.
Confer with management, production, or marketing staff to discuss project specifications or procedures.
Assess project feasibility by analyzing technology, resource needs, or market demand.
Review, recommend, or approve contracts or cost estimates.
Establish scientific or technical goals within broad outlines provided by top management.
Direct recruitment, placement, and evaluation of architecture or engineering project staff.
Perform administrative functions, such as reviewing or writing reports, approving expenditures, enforcing rules, or purchasing of materials or services.
Develop or implement programs to improve sustainability or reduce the environmental impacts of engineering or architecture activities or operations.
Evaluate the environmental impacts of engineering, architecture, or research and development activities.
Plan or direct the installation, testing, operation, maintenance, or repair of facilities or equipment.
Identify environmental threats or opportunities associated with the development and launch of new technologies.
Evaluate environmental regulations or social pressures related to environmental issues to inform strategic or operational decision-making.
Solicit project support by conferring with officials or providing information to the public.
Direct the engineering of water control, treatment, or distribution projects.
Administer highway planning, construction, or maintenance.
Develop or implement policies, standards, or procedures for engineering and technical work.
Plan, direct, or coordinate survey work with other project activities.

Job Duties: Education and Childcare Administrators, Preschool and Daycare

Review and interpret government codes and develop procedures to meet codes and to ensure facility safety, security, and maintenance.

Set educational standards and goals and help establish policies, procedures, and programs to carry them out.
Review and evaluate new and current programs to determine their efficiency, effectiveness, and compliance with state, local, and federal regulations and recommend any necessary modifications.

Confer with parents and staff to discuss educational activities and policies and students' behavioral or learning problems.
Monitor students' progress and provide students and teachers with assistance in resolving any problems.
Recruit, hire, train, and evaluate primary and supplemental staff and recommend personnel actions for programs and services.
Teach classes or courses or provide direct care to children.
Determine the scope of educational program offerings and prepare drafts of program schedules and descriptions to estimate staffing and facility requirements.
Determine allocations of funds for staff, supplies, materials, and equipment and authorize purchases.
Direct and coordinate activities of teachers or administrators at daycare centers, schools, public agencies, or institutions.
Prepare and maintain attendance, activity, planning, accounting, or personnel reports and records for officials and agencies, or direct preparation and maintenance activities.
Plan, direct, and monitor instructional methods and content of educational, vocational, or student activity programs.
Collect and analyze survey data, regulatory information, and demographic and employment trends to forecast enrollment patterns and the need for curriculum changes.
Inform businesses, community groups, and governmental agencies about educational needs, available programs, and program policies.
Write articles, manuals, and other publications and assist in the distribution of promotional literature about programs and facilities.
Prepare and submit budget requests or grant proposals to solicit program funding.
Organize and direct committees of specialists, volunteers, and staff to provide technical and advisory assistance for programs.
Review and interpret government codes and develop procedures to meet codes and to ensure facility safety, security, and maintenance.
Set educational standards and goals and help establish policies, procedures, and programs to carry them out.
Review and evaluate new and current programs to determine their efficiency, effectiveness, and compliance with state, local, and federal regulations and recommend any necessary modifications.

Job Duties: General and Operations Managers

Recommend locations for new facilities, or oversee the remodeling or renovating of current facilities.

Establish or implement departmental policies, goals, objectives, or procedures in conjunction with board members, organization officials, or staff members.
Set prices or credit terms for goods or services, based on forecasts of customer demand.

Review financial statements, sales or activity reports, or other performance data to measure productivity or goal achievement or to identify areas needing cost reduction or program improvement.
Direct and coordinate activities of businesses or departments concerned with the production, pricing, sales, or distribution of products.
Direct administrative activities directly related to making products or providing services.
Prepare staff work schedules and assign specific duties.
Direct or coordinate financial or budget activities to fund operations, maximize investments, or increase efficiency.
Plan or direct activities, such as sales promotions, that require coordination with other department managers.
Perform personnel functions, such as selection, training, or evaluation.
Monitor suppliers to ensure that they efficiently and effectively provide needed goods or services within budgetary limits.
Manage the movement of goods into and out of production facilities to ensure efficiency, effectiveness, or sustainability of operations.
Perform sales floor work, such as greeting or assisting customers, stocking shelves, or taking inventory.
Develop or implement product-marketing strategies, including advertising campaigns or sales promotions.
Direct non-merchandising departments of businesses, such as advertising or purchasing.
Implement or oversee environmental management or sustainability programs addressing issues such as recycling, conservation, or waste management.
Plan store layouts or design displays.
Recommend locations for new facilities, or oversee the remodeling or renovating of current facilities.
Establish or implement departmental policies, goals, objectives, or procedures in conjunction with board members, organization officials, or staff members.
Set prices or credit terms for goods or services, based on forecasts of customer demand.

Job Duties: Marketing Managers

Recommend modifications to products, packaging, production processes, or other characteristics to improve the environmental soundness or sustainability of products.

Develop pricing strategies, balancing firm objectives and customer satisfaction.
Advise business or other groups on local, national, or international factors affecting the buying or selling of products or services.

Identify, develop, or evaluate marketing strategy, based on knowledge of establishment objectives, market characteristics, and cost and markup factors.
Formulate, direct, or coordinate marketing activities or policies to promote products or services, working with advertising or promotion managers.
Evaluate the financial aspects of product development, such as budgets, expenditures, research and development appropriations, or return-on-investment and profit-loss projections.
Compile lists describing product or service offerings.
Direct the hiring, training, or performance evaluations of marketing or sales staff and oversee their daily activities.
Consult with product development personnel on product specifications, such as design, color, or packaging.
Use sales forecasting or strategic planning to ensure the sale and profitability of products, lines, or services, analyzing business developments and monitoring market trends.
Negotiate contracts with vendors or distributors to manage product distribution, establishing distribution networks or developing distribution strategies.
Coordinate or participate in promotional activities or trade shows, working with developers, advertisers, or production managers, to market products or services.
Initiate market research studies, or analyze their findings.
Confer with legal staff to resolve problems, such as copyright infringement or royalty sharing with outside producers or distributors.
Consult with buying personnel to gain advice regarding the types of products or services expected to be in demand.
Consult with buying personnel to gain advice regarding environmentally sound or sustainable products.
Conduct economic or commercial surveys to identify potential markets for products or services.
Select products or accessories to be displayed at trade or special production shows.
Develop business cases for environmental marketing strategies.
Integrate environmental information into product or company marketing strategies, policies, or activities.
Recommend modifications to products, packaging, production processes, or other characteristics to improve the environmental soundness or sustainability of products.
Develop pricing strategies, balancing firm objectives and customer satisfaction.
Advise business or other groups on local, national, or international factors affecting the buying or selling of products or services.

Job Duties: Chief Executives

Refer major policy matters to elected representatives for final decisions.

Direct, plan, or implement policies, objectives, or activities of organizations or businesses to ensure continuing operations, to maximize returns on investments, or to increase productivity.
Establish departmental responsibilities and coordinate functions among departments and sites.

Direct or coordinate an organization's financial or budget activities to fund operations, maximize investments, or increase efficiency.
Confer with board members, organization officials, or staff members to discuss issues, coordinate activities, or resolve problems.
Prepare budgets for approval, including those for funding or implementation of programs.
Prepare or present reports concerning activities, expenses, budgets, government statutes or rulings, or other items affecting businesses or program services.
Implement corrective action plans to solve organizational or departmental problems.
Analyze operations to evaluate performance of a company or its staff in meeting objectives or to determine areas of potential cost reduction, program improvement, or policy change.
Direct or coordinate activities of businesses or departments concerned with production, pricing, sales, or distribution of products.
Direct human resources activities, including the approval of human resource plans or activities, the selection of directors or other high-level staff, or establishment or organization of major departments.
Appoint department heads or managers and assign or delegate responsibilities to them.
Interpret and explain policies, rules, regulations, or laws to organizations, government or corporate officials, or individuals.
Review reports submitted by staff members to recommend approval or to suggest changes.
Negotiate or approve contracts or agreements with suppliers, distributors, federal or state agencies, or other organizational entities.
Deliver speeches, write articles, or present information at meetings or conventions to promote services, exchange ideas, or accomplish objectives.
Serve as liaisons between organizations, shareholders, and outside organizations.
Coordinate the development or implementation of budgetary control systems, recordkeeping systems, or other administrative control processes.
Preside over, or serve on, boards of directors, management committees, or other governing boards.
Attend and participate in meetings of municipal councils or council committees.
Organize or approve promotional campaigns.
Nominate citizens to boards or commissions.
Conduct or direct investigations or hearings to resolve complaints or violations of laws, or testify at such hearings.
Direct or coordinate activities of businesses involved with buying or selling investment products or financial services.
Prepare bylaws approved by elected officials, and ensure that bylaws are enforced.
Make presentations to legislative or other government committees regarding policies, programs, or budgets.
Review and analyze legislation, laws, or public policy and recommend changes to promote or support interests of the general population or special groups.
Direct non-merchandising departments, such as advertising, purchasing, credit, or accounting.
Direct or conduct studies or research on issues affecting areas of responsibility.
Administer programs for selection of sites, construction of buildings, or provision of equipment or supplies.
Represent organizations or promote their objectives at official functions, or delegate representatives to do so.
Refer major policy matters to elected representatives for final decisions.
Direct, plan, or implement policies, objectives, or activities of organizations or businesses to ensure continuing operations, to maximize returns on investments, or to increase productivity.
Establish departmental responsibilities and coordinate functions among departments and sites.

Job Duties: Fundraising Managers

Formulate policies and procedures related to fundraising programs.

Establish goals for soliciting funds, develop policies for collection and safeguarding of contributions, and coordinate disbursement of funds.

Assign, supervise, and review the activities of fundraising staff.
Compile or develop materials to submit to granting or other funding organizations.
Conduct research to identify the goals, net worth, charitable donation history, or other data related to potential donors, potential investors, or general donor markets.
Contact corporate representatives, government officials, or community leaders to increase awareness of organizational causes, activities, or needs.
Design and edit promotional publications, such as brochures.
Develop fundraising activity plans that maximize participation or contributions and minimize costs.
Develop strategies to encourage new or increased contributions.
Direct activities of external agencies, establishments, or departments that develop and implement fundraising strategies and programs.
Establish and maintain effective working relationships with clients, government officials, and media representatives and use these relationships to develop new fundraising opportunities.
Evaluate advertising and promotion programs for compatibility with fundraising efforts.
Manage fundraising budgets.
Plan and direct special events for fundraising, such as silent auctions, dances, golf events, or walks.
Produce films and other video products, regulate their distribution, and operate film library.
Write interesting and effective press releases, prepare information for media kits, and develop and maintain company internet or intranet Web pages.
Formulate policies and procedures related to fundraising programs.
Establish goals for soliciting funds, develop policies for collection and safeguarding of contributions, and coordinate disbursement of funds.

Job Duties: Social and Community Service Managers

Establish and oversee administrative procedures to meet objectives set by boards of directors or senior management.

Participate in the determination of organizational policies regarding such issues as participant eligibility, program requirements, and program benefits.

Direct activities of professional and technical staff members and volunteers.
Evaluate the work of staff and volunteers to ensure that programs are of appropriate quality and that resources are used effectively.
Prepare and maintain records and reports, such as budgets, personnel records, or training manuals.
Provide direct service and support to individuals or clients, such as handling a referral for child advocacy issues, conducting a needs evaluation, or resolving complaints.
Establish and maintain relationships with other agencies and organizations in community to meet community needs and to ensure that services are not duplicated.
Recruit, interview, and hire or sign up volunteers and staff.
Research and analyze member or community needs to determine program directions and goals.
Implement and evaluate staff, volunteer, or community training programs.
Act as consultants to agency staff and other community programs regarding the interpretation of program-related federal, state, and county regulations and policies.
Speak to community groups to explain and interpret agency purposes, programs, and policies.
Analyze proposed legislation, regulations, or rule changes to determine how agency services could be impacted.
Plan and administer budgets for programs, equipment, and support services.
Represent organizations in relations with governmental and media institutions.
Direct fundraising activities and the preparation of public relations materials.
Establish and oversee administrative procedures to meet objectives set by boards of directors or senior management.
Participate in the determination of organizational policies regarding such issues as participant eligibility, program requirements, and program benefits.

Job Duties: Administrative Services Managers

Analyze internal processes and recommend and implement procedural or policy changes to improve operations, such as supply changes or the disposal of records.

Establish work procedures or schedules to organize the daily work of administrative staff.

Prepare and review operational reports and schedules to ensure accuracy and efficiency.
Set goals and deadlines for the department.
Acquire, distribute and store supplies.
Conduct classes to teach procedures to staff.
Plan, administer, and control budgets for contracts, equipment, and supplies.
Hire and terminate clerical and administrative personnel.
Direct or coordinate the supportive services department of a business, agency, or organization.
Communicate with and provide guidance for external vendors and service providers to ensure the organization, department, or work unit's business needs are met.
Develop operational standards and procedures for the work unit or department.
Learn to operate new office technologies as they are developed and implemented.
Manage paper or electronic filing systems by recording information, updating paperwork, or maintaining documents, such as attendance records or correspondence.
Meet with other departmental leaders to establish organizational goals, strategic plans, and objectives, as well as make decisions about personnel, resources, and space or equipment needs.
Oversee payroll functions, such as maintaining timekeeping information and processing and submitting payroll.
Read through contracts, regulations, and procedural guidelines to ensure comprehension and compliance.
Represent work unit at meetings or conferences and serve as liaison for requests or complaints.
Supervise administrative staff and provide training and orientation to new staff.
Analyze internal processes and recommend and implement procedural or policy changes to improve operations, such as supply changes or the disposal of records.
Establish work procedures or schedules to organize the daily work of administrative staff.

Job Duties: Funeral Home Managers

Plan and implement changes to service offerings to meet community needs or increase funeral home revenues.

Set prices or credit terms for funeral products or services.

Consult with families or friends of the deceased to arrange funeral details, such as obituary notice wording, casket selection, or plans for services.
Direct and supervise work of embalmers, funeral attendants, death certificate clerks, cosmetologists, or other staff.
Schedule funerals, burials, or cremations.
Sell funeral services, products, or merchandise to clients.
Monitor funeral service operations to ensure that they comply with applicable policies, regulations, and laws.
Offer counsel and comfort to families and friends of the deceased.
Negotiate contracts for prearranged funeral services.
Respond to customer complaints, legal inquiries, payment negotiations, or other post-service matters.
Direct or monitor administrative, support, repair, or maintenance services for funeral homes.
Schedule work hours for funeral home or contract employees.
Set marketing, sales, or other financial goals for funeral service establishments and monitor progress toward these goals.
Explain goals, policies, or procedures to staff members.
Complete and maintain records, such as state-required documents, tracking documents, or product inventories.
Evaluate the performance of vendors, contract employees, or other service providers to ensure quality and cost-efficiency.
Review financial statements, sales or activity reports, or other performance data to identify opportunities for cost reductions or service improvements.
Identify skill development needs for funeral home staff.
Attend or make presentations at community events to promote funeral home services or build community relationships.
Plan and implement sales promotions or other marketing strategies and activities for funeral home operations.
Interview and hire new employees.
Conduct market research and analyze industry trends.
Plan and implement changes to service offerings to meet community needs or increase funeral home revenues.
Set prices or credit terms for funeral products or services.

Job Duties: First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers

Recommend changes that could improve service and increase operational efficiency.

Recommend or arrange for additional services, such as painting, repair work, renovations, and the replacement of furnishings and equipment.

Supervise in-house services, such as laundries, maintenance and repair, dry cleaning, or valet services.
Select the most suitable cleaning materials for different types of linens, furniture, flooring, and surfaces.
Advise managers, desk clerks, or admitting personnel of rooms ready for occupancy.
Inspect work performed to ensure that it meets specifications and established standards.
Perform or assist with cleaning duties as necessary.
Plan and prepare employee work schedules.
Establish and implement operational standards and procedures for the departments supervised.
Inspect and evaluate the physical condition of facilities to determine the type of work required.
Inventory stock to ensure that supplies and equipment are available in adequate amounts.
Issue supplies and equipment to workers.
Forecast necessary levels of staffing and stock at different times to facilitate effective scheduling and ordering.
Check and maintain equipment to ensure that it is in working order.
Maintain required records of work hours, budgets, payrolls, and other information.
Direct activities for stopping the spread of infections in facilities, such as hospitals.
Coordinate activities with other departments to ensure that services are provided in an efficient and timely manner.
Investigate complaints about service and equipment, and take corrective action.
Instruct staff in work policies and procedures, and the use and maintenance of equipment.
Select and order or purchase new equipment, supplies, or furnishings.
Prepare reports on activity, personnel, and information, such as occupancy, hours worked, facility usage, work performed, and departmental expenses.
Confer with staff to resolve performance and personnel problems, and to discuss company policies.
Evaluate employee performance and recommend personnel actions, such as promotions, transfers, and dismissals.
Perform financial tasks, such as estimating costs and preparing and managing budgets.
Screen job applicants, and hire new employees.
Perform grounds maintenance tasks, such as removing snow and mowing the lawn.
Recommend changes that could improve service and increase operational efficiency.
Recommend or arrange for additional services, such as painting, repair work, renovations, and the replacement of furnishings and equipment.

Job Duties: Food Service Managers

Review work procedures and operational problems to determine ways to improve service, performance, or safety.

Establish standards for personnel performance and customer service.

Keep records required by government agencies regarding sanitation or food subsidies.
Investigate and resolve complaints regarding food quality, service, or accommodations.
Maintain food and equipment inventories, and keep inventory records.
Monitor food preparation methods, portion sizes, and garnishing and presentation of food to ensure that food is prepared and presented in an acceptable manner.
Schedule and receive food and beverage deliveries, checking delivery contents to verify product quality and quantity.
Coordinate assignments of cooking personnel to ensure economical use of food and timely preparation.
Monitor compliance with health and fire regulations regarding food preparation and serving, and building maintenance in lodging and dining facilities.
Count money and make bank deposits.
Perform some food preparation or service tasks, such as cooking, clearing tables, and serving food and drinks when necessary.
Greet guests, escort them to their seats, and present them with menus and wine lists.
Test cooked food by tasting and smelling it to ensure palatability and flavor conformity.
Schedule staff hours and assign duties.
Arrange for equipment maintenance and repairs, and coordinate a variety of services, such as waste removal and pest control.
Review menus and analyze recipes to determine labor and overhead costs, and assign prices to menu items.
Organize and direct worker training programs, resolve personnel problems, hire new staff, and evaluate employee performance in dining and lodging facilities.
Assess staffing needs and recruit staff, using methods such as newspaper advertisements or attendance at job fairs.
Order and purchase equipment and supplies.
Record the number, type, and cost of items sold to determine which items may be unpopular or less profitable.
Monitor employee and patron activities to ensure liquor regulations are obeyed.
Monitor budgets and payroll records, and review financial transactions to ensure that expenditures are authorized and budgeted.
Estimate food, liquor, wine, and other beverage consumption to anticipate amounts to be purchased or requisitioned.
Schedule use of facilities or catering services for events such as banquets or receptions, and negotiate details of arrangements with clients.
Take dining reservations.
Plan menus and food utilization, based on anticipated number of guests, nutritional value, palatability, popularity, and costs.
Establish and enforce nutritional standards for dining establishments, based on accepted industry standards.
Create specialty dishes and develop recipes to be used in dining facilities.
Review work procedures and operational problems to determine ways to improve service, performance, or safety.
Establish standards for personnel performance and customer service.

Job Duties: Security Managers

Develop, arrange for, perform, or assess executive protection activities to reduce security risks.

Develop, implement, manage, or evaluate policies and methods to protect personnel against harassment, threats, or violence.

Analyze and evaluate security operations to identify risks or opportunities for improvement through auditing, review, or assessment.
Assess risks to mitigate potential consequences of incidents and develop a plan to respond to incidents.
Attend meetings, professional seminars, or conferences to keep abreast of changes in executive legislative directives or new technologies impacting security operations.
Communicate security status, updates, and actual or potential problems, using established protocols.
Conduct physical examinations of property to ensure compliance with security policies and regulations.
Conduct threat or vulnerability analyses to determine probable frequency, criticality, consequence, or severity of natural or man-made disasters or criminal activity on the organization's profitability or delivery of products or services.
Coordinate security operations or activities with public law enforcement, fire and other agencies.
Create or implement security standards, policies, and procedures.
Develop budgets for security operations.
Develop or manage investigation programs, including collection and preservation of video and notes of surveillance processes or investigative interviews.
Develop, conduct, support, or assist in governmental reviews, internal corporate evaluations, or assessments of the overall effectiveness of facility and personnel security processes.
Develop, recommend, or manage security procedures for operations or processes, such as security call centers, access control, and reporting tools.
Direct or participate in emergency management and contingency planning.
Identify, investigate, or resolve security breaches.
Monitor and ensure a sound, ethical environment.
Monitor security policies, programs or procedures to ensure compliance with internal security policies, or applicable government security requirements, policies, and directives.
Plan security for special and high-risk events.
Plan, direct, or coordinate security activities to safeguard company employees, guests, or others on company property.
Prepare reports or make presentations on internal investigations, losses, or violations of regulations, policies and procedures.
Purchase security-related supplies, equipment, or technology.
Respond to medical emergencies, bomb threats, fire alarms, or intrusion alarms, following emergency response procedures.
Review financial reports to ensure efficiency and quality of security operations.
Supervise or provide leadership to subordinate security professionals, performing activities such as hiring, investigating applicants' backgrounds, training, assigning work, evaluating performance, or disciplining.
Support efforts to reduce substance abuse or other illegal activities in the workplace.
Train subordinate security professionals or other organization members in security rules and procedures.
Write or review security-related documents, such as incident reports, proposals, and tactical or strategic initiatives.
Develop, arrange for, perform, or assess executive protection activities to reduce security risks.
Develop, implement, manage, or evaluate policies and methods to protect personnel against harassment, threats, or violence.

Job Duties: Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers

Plan or implement improvements to internal or external systems or processes.

Prepare management recommendations, such as proposed fee and tariff increases or schedule changes.

Supervise the activities of workers engaged in receiving, storing, testing, and shipping products or materials.
Plan, develop, or implement warehouse safety and security programs and activities.
Inspect physical conditions of warehouses, vehicle fleets, or equipment and order testing, maintenance, repairs, or replacements.
Plan, organize, or manage the work of subordinate staff to ensure that the work is accomplished in a manner consistent with organizational requirements.
Collaborate with other departments to integrate logistics with business systems or processes, such as customer sales, order management, accounting, or shipping.
Analyze all aspects of corporate logistics to determine the most cost-effective or efficient means of transporting products or supplies.
Resolve problems concerning transportation, logistics systems, imports or exports, or customer issues.
Develop and document standard and emergency operating procedures for receiving, handling, storing, shipping, or salvaging products or materials.
Monitor operations to ensure that staff members comply with administrative policies and procedures, safety rules, union contracts, environmental policies, or government regulations.
Analyze the financial impact of proposed logistics changes, such as routing, shipping modes, product volumes or mixes, or carriers.
Monitor inventory levels of products or materials in warehouses.
Establish or monitor specific supply chain-based performance measurement systems.
Prepare and manage departmental budgets.
Monitor product import or export processes to ensure compliance with regulatory or legal requirements.
Interview, select, and train warehouse and supervisory personnel.
Advise sales and billing departments of transportation charges for customers' accounts.
Analyze expenditures and other financial information to develop plans, policies, or budgets for increasing profits or improving services.
Confer with department heads to coordinate warehouse activities, such as production, sales, records control, or purchasing.
Implement specific customer requirements, such as internal reporting or customized transportation metrics.
Maintain metrics, reports, process documentation, customer service logs, or training or safety records.
Examine invoices and shipping manifests for conformity to tariff and customs regulations.
Plan or implement energy saving changes to transportation services, such as reducing routes, optimizing capacities, employing alternate modes of transportation, or minimizing idling.
Evaluate contractors or business partners for operational efficiency or safety or environmental performance records.
Negotiate with carriers, warehouse operators, or insurance company representatives for services and preferential rates.
Develop or implement plans for facility modification or expansion, such as equipment purchase or changes in space allocation or structural design.
Direct inbound or outbound operations, such as transportation or warehouse activities, safety performance, and logistics quality management.
Recommend or authorize capital expenditures for acquisition of new equipment or property to increase efficiency and services.
Review invoices, work orders, consumption reports, or demand forecasts to estimate peak performance periods and to issue work assignments.
Plan or implement improvements to internal or external systems or processes.
Prepare management recommendations, such as proposed fee and tariff increases or schedule changes.

Job Duties: Medical and Health Services Managers

Develop and implement organizational policies and procedures for the facility or medical unit.

Direct, supervise and evaluate work activities of medical, nursing, technical, clerical, service, maintenance, and other personnel.
Develop and maintain computerized record management systems to store and process data, such as personnel activities and information, and to produce reports.
Plan, implement, and administer programs and services in a health care or medical facility, including personnel administration, training, and coordination of medical, nursing and physical plant staff.
Conduct and administer fiscal operations, including accounting, planning budgets, authorizing expenditures, establishing rates for services, and coordinating financial reporting.
Maintain awareness of advances in medicine, computerized diagnostic and treatment equipment, data processing technology, government regulations, health insurance changes, and financing options.
Establish work schedules and assignments for staff, according to workload, space, and equipment availability.
Monitor the use of diagnostic services, inpatient beds, facilities, and staff to ensure effective use of resources and assess the need for additional staff, equipment, and services.
Direct or conduct recruitment, hiring, and training of personnel.
Manage change in integrated health care delivery systems, such as work restructuring, technological innovations, and shifts in the focus of care.
Maintain communication between governing boards, medical staff, and department heads by attending board meetings and coordinating interdepartmental functioning.
Establish objectives and evaluative or operational criteria for units managed.
Review and analyze facility activities and data to aid planning and cash and risk management and to improve service utilization.
Prepare activity reports to inform management of the status and implementation plans of programs, services, and quality initiatives.
Develop or expand and implement medical programs or health services that promote research, rehabilitation, and community health.
Consult with medical, business, and community groups to discuss service problems, respond to community needs, enhance public relations, coordinate activities and plans, and promote health programs.
Develop instructional materials and conduct in-service and community-based educational programs.
Inspect facilities and recommend building or equipment modifications to ensure emergency readiness and compliance to access, safety, and sanitation regulations.
Develop and implement organizational policies and procedures for the facility or medical unit.

Job Duties: Purchasing Managers

Develop and implement purchasing and contract management instructions, policies, and procedures.

Locate vendors of materials, equipment or supplies, and interview them to determine product availability and terms of sales.
Prepare bid awards requiring board approval.
Direct and coordinate activities of personnel engaged in buying, selling, and distributing materials, equipment, machinery, and supplies.
Review purchase order claims and contracts for conformance to company policy.
Review, evaluate, and approve specifications for issuing and awarding bids.
Administer online purchasing systems.
Prepare and process requisitions and purchase orders for supplies and equipment.
Interview and hire staff, and oversee staff training.
Develop cost reduction strategies and savings plans.
Control purchasing department budgets.
Resolve vendor or contractor grievances and claims against suppliers.
Analyze market and delivery systems to assess present and future material availability.
Participate in the development of specifications for equipment, products, or substitute materials.
Maintain records of goods ordered and received.
Represent companies in negotiating contracts and formulating policies with suppliers.
Prepare reports regarding market conditions and merchandise costs.
Arrange for disposal of surplus materials.
Develop and implement purchasing and contract management instructions, policies, and procedures.

Job Duties: Information Security Engineers

Develop response and recovery strategies for security breaches.

Assess the quality of security controls, using performance indicators.
Conduct investigations of information security breaches to identify vulnerabilities and evaluate the damage.
Coordinate documentation of computer security or emergency measure policies, procedures, or tests.
Coordinate monitoring of networks or systems for security breaches or intrusions.
Coordinate vulnerability assessments or analysis of information security systems.
Develop information security standards and best practices.
Develop or implement software tools to assist in the detection, prevention, and analysis of security threats.
Develop or install software, such as firewalls and data encryption programs, to protect sensitive information.
Identify or implement solutions to information security problems.
Identify security system weaknesses, using penetration tests.
Oversee development of plans to safeguard computer files against accidental or unauthorized modification, destruction, or disclosure or to meet emergency data processing needs.
Oversee performance of risk assessment or execution of system tests to ensure the functioning of data processing activities or security measures.
Provide technical support to computer users for installation and use of security products.
Recommend information security enhancements to management.
Review security assessments for computing environments or check for compliance with cybersecurity standards and regulations.
Scan networks, using vulnerability assessment tools to identify vulnerabilities.
Train staff on, and oversee the use of, information security standards, policies, and best practices.
Troubleshoot security and network problems.
Write reports regarding investigations of information security breaches or network evaluations.
Develop response and recovery strategies for security breaches.

Job Duties: Project Management Specialists

Plan, schedule, or coordinate project activities to meet deadlines.

Assign duties or responsibilities to project personnel.
Communicate with key stakeholders to determine project requirements and objectives.
Confer with project personnel to identify and resolve problems.
Create project status presentations for delivery to customers or project personnel.
Develop or update project plans including information such as objectives, technologies, schedules, funding, and staffing.
Identify project needs such as resources, staff, or finances by reviewing project objectives and schedules.
Identify, review, or select vendors or consultants to meet project needs.
Monitor costs incurred by project staff to identify budget issues.
Monitor project milestones and deliverables.
Monitor the performance of project team members to provide performance feedback.
Negotiate with project stakeholders or suppliers to obtain resources or materials.
Prepare and submit budget estimates, progress reports, or cost tracking reports.
Produce and distribute project documents.
Propose, review, or approve modifications to project plans.
Recruit or hire project personnel.
Report project status, such as budget, resources, technical issues, or customer satisfaction, to managers.
Request and review project updates to ensure deadlines are met.
Schedule or facilitate project meetings.
Submit project deliverables to clients, ensuring adherence to quality standards.
Plan, schedule, or coordinate project activities to meet deadlines.

Job Duties: Public Relations Managers

Formulate policies and procedures related to public information programs, working with public relations executives.

Assign, supervise, and review the activities of public relations staff.
Confer with labor relations managers to develop internal communications that keep employees informed of company activities.
Design and edit promotional publications, such as brochures.
Develop and maintain the company's corporate image and identity, which includes the use of logos and signage.
Develop, implement, or maintain crisis communication plans.
Direct activities of external agencies, establishments, or departments that develop and implement communication strategies and information programs.
Draft speeches for company executives and arrange interviews and other forms of contact for them.
Establish and maintain effective working relationships with clients, government officials, and media representatives and use these relationships to develop new business opportunities.
Evaluate advertising and promotion programs for compatibility with public relations efforts.
Facilitate consumer relations or the relationship between parts of the company, such as the managers and employees, or different branch offices.
Identify main client groups and audiences, determine the best way to communicate publicity information to them, and develop and implement a communication plan.
Maintain company archives.
Manage communications budgets.
Manage in-house communication courses.
Manage special events, such as sponsorship of races, parties introducing new products, or other activities the firm supports, to gain public attention through the media without advertising directly.
Observe and report on social, economic, and political trends that might affect employers.
Produce films and other video products, regulate their distribution, and operate film library.
Respond to requests for information about employers' activities or status.
Write interesting and effective press releases, prepare information for media kits, and develop and maintain company internet or intranet web pages.
Formulate policies and procedures related to public information programs, working with public relations executives.

Job Duties: Emergency Management Directors

Propose alteration of emergency response procedures, based on regulatory changes, technological changes, or knowledge gained from outcomes of previous emergency situations.

Consult with officials of local and area governments, schools, hospitals, and other institutions to determine their needs and capabilities in the event of a natural disaster or other emergency.
Develop and maintain liaisons with municipalities, county departments, and similar entities to facilitate plan development, response effort coordination, and exchanges of personnel and equipment.
Coordinate disaster response or crisis management activities, such as ordering evacuations, opening public shelters, and implementing special needs plans and programs.
Prepare emergency situation status reports that describe response and recovery efforts, needs, and preliminary damage assessments.
Maintain and update all resource materials associated with emergency preparedness plans.
Prepare plans that outline operating procedures to be used in response to disasters or emergencies, such as hurricanes, nuclear accidents, and terrorist attacks, and in recovery from these events.
Develop and perform tests and evaluations of emergency management plans in accordance with state and federal regulations.
Collaborate with other officials to prepare and analyze damage assessments following disasters or emergencies.
Design and administer emergency or disaster preparedness training courses that teach people how to effectively respond to major emergencies and disasters.
Keep informed of activities or changes that could affect the likelihood of an emergency, response efforts, or plan implementation.
Inspect facilities and equipment, such as emergency management centers and communications equipment, to determine their operational and functional capabilities in emergency situations.
Review emergency plans of individual organizations, such as medical facilities, to ensure their adequacy.
Keep informed of federal, state, and local regulations affecting emergency plans, and ensure that plans adhere to those regulations.
Conduct surveys to determine the types of emergency-related needs to be addressed in disaster planning, or provide technical support to others conducting such surveys.
Attend meetings, conferences, and workshops related to emergency management to learn new information and to develop working relationships with other emergency management specialists.
Develop instructional materials for the public and make presentations to citizens' groups to provide information on emergency plans and their implementation processes.
Apply for federal funding for emergency-management-related needs, and administer and report on the progress of such grants.
Train local groups in the preparation of long-term plans that are compatible with federal and state plans.
Provide communities with assistance in applying for federal funding for emergency management facilities, radiological instrumentation, and related items.
Study emergency plans used elsewhere to gather information for plan development.
Develop and implement training procedures and strategies for radiological protection, detection, and decontamination.
Inventory and distribute nuclear, biological, and chemical detection and contamination equipment, providing instruction in its maintenance and use.
Propose alteration of emergency response procedures, based on regulatory changes, technological changes, or knowledge gained from outcomes of previous emergency situations.

Job Duties: Fitness and Wellness Coordinators

Recommend or approve new program or service offerings to promote wellness and fitness, produce revenues, or minimize costs.

Maintain wellness- and fitness-related schedules, records, or reports.
Develop or coordinate fitness and wellness programs or services.
Manage or oversee fitness or recreation facilities, ensuring safe and clean facilities and equipment.
Supervise fitness or wellness specialists, such as fitness instructors, nutritionists, or health educators.
Track attendance, participation, or performance data related to wellness events.
Conduct or facilitate training sessions or seminars for wellness and fitness staff.
Maintain or arrange for maintenance of fitness equipment or facilities.
Prepare or implement budgets and strategic, operational, purchasing, or maintenance plans.
Evaluate fitness and wellness programs to determine their effectiveness.
Develop fitness or wellness classes, such as yoga, aerobics, strength training, or aquatics, ensuring a diversity of class offerings.
Demonstrate proper operation of fitness equipment, such as resistance machines, cardio machines, free weights, or fitness assessment devices.
Conduct needs assessments or surveys to determine interest in, or satisfaction with, wellness and fitness programs, events, or services.
Teach fitness classes to improve strength, flexibility, cardiovascular conditioning, or general fitness of participants.
Develop marketing campaigns to promote a healthy lifestyle or participation in fitness or wellness programs.
Select or supervise contractors, such as event hosts or health, fitness, and wellness practitioners.
Track cost-containment strategies and programs to evaluate effectiveness.
Provide individual support or counseling in general wellness or nutrition.
Use computer skills and software to manage Web sites or databases, publish newsletters, or provide webinars.
Respond to customer, public, or media requests for information about wellness programs or services.
Organize and oversee fitness or wellness programs, such as information presentations, blood drives, or training in first aid or cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
Organize and oversee events such as organized runs or walks.
Organize and oversee health screenings or other preventive measures, such as mammography, blood pressure, or cholesterol screenings or flu vaccinations.
Interpret insurance data or Health Reimbursement Account (HRA) data to develop programs that address specific needs of target populations.
Recommend or approve new program or service offerings to promote wellness and fitness, produce revenues, or minimize costs.

Job Duties: Lodging Managers

Develop and implement policies and procedures for the operation of a department or establishment.

Answer inquiries pertaining to hotel policies and services, and resolve occupants' complaints.
Participate in financial activities, such as the setting of room rates, the establishment of budgets, and the allocation of funds to departments.
Confer and cooperate with other managers to ensure coordination of hotel activities.
Greet and register guests.
Monitor the revenue activity of the hotel or facility.
Manage and maintain temporary or permanent lodging facilities.
Train staff members.
Observe and monitor staff performance to ensure efficient operations and adherence to facility's policies and procedures.
Coordinate front-office activities of hotels or motels, and resolve problems.
Inspect guest rooms, public areas, and grounds for cleanliness and appearance.
Assign duties to workers, and schedule shifts.
Receive and process advance registration payments, mail letters of confirmation, or return checks when registrations cannot be accepted.
Interview and hire applicants.
Purchase supplies, and arrange for outside services, such as deliveries, laundry, maintenance and repair, and trash collection.
Collect payments and record data pertaining to funds and expenditures.
Prepare required paperwork pertaining to departmental functions.
Show, rent, or assign accommodations.
Perform marketing and public relations activities.
Organize and coordinate the work of staff and convention personnel for meetings to be held at a particular facility.
Provide assistance to staff members by inspecting rooms, setting tables, or doing laundry.
Arrange telephone answering services, deliver mail and packages, or answer questions regarding locations for eating and entertainment.
Meet with clients to schedule and plan details of conventions, banquets, receptions and other functions.
Book tickets for guests for local tours and attractions.
Develop and implement policies and procedures for the operation of a department or establishment.

Job Duties: Construction Managers

Plan, schedule, or coordinate construction project activities to meet deadlines.

Prepare and submit budget estimates, progress reports, or cost tracking reports.
Interpret and explain plans and contract terms to representatives of the owner or developer, including administrative staff, workers, or clients.
Direct and supervise construction or related workers.
Prepare contracts or negotiate revisions to contractual agreements with architects, consultants, clients, suppliers, or subcontractors.
Confer with supervisory personnel, owners, contractors, or design professionals to discuss and resolve matters, such as work procedures, complaints, or construction problems.
Plan, organize, or direct activities concerned with the construction or maintenance of structures, facilities, or systems.
Study job specifications to determine appropriate construction methods.
Inspect or review projects to monitor compliance with building and safety codes or other regulations.
Investigate damage, accidents, or delays at construction sites to ensure that proper construction procedures are being followed.
Implement new or modified plans in response to delays, bad weather, or construction site emergencies.
Develop or implement quality control programs.
Requisition supplies or materials to complete construction projects.
Determine labor requirements for dispatching workers to construction sites.
Contract or oversee craft work, such as painting or plumbing.
Inspect or review projects to monitor compliance with environmental regulations.
Perform, or contract others to perform, pre-building assessments, such as conceptual cost estimating, rough order of magnitude estimating, feasibility, or energy efficiency, environmental, and sustainability assessments.
Develop or implement environmental protection programs.
Apply for and obtain all necessary permits or licenses.
Evaluate construction methods and determine cost-effectiveness of plans, using computer models.
Apply green building strategies to reduce energy costs or minimize carbon output or other sources of harm to the environment.
Secure third-party verification from sources, such as Leadership in Energy Efficient Design (LEED), to ensure responsible design and building activities or to achieve favorable LEED ratings for building projects.
Develop construction budgets to compare green and non-green construction alternatives, in terms of short-term costs, long-term costs, or environmental impacts.
Implement training programs on environmentally responsible building topics to update employee skills and knowledge.
Direct acquisition of land for construction projects.
Plan, schedule, or coordinate construction project activities to meet deadlines.

Job Duties: Human Resources Managers

Advise managers on organizational policy matters, such as equal employment opportunity and sexual harassment, and recommend needed changes.

Serve as a link between management and employees by handling questions, interpreting and administering contracts and helping resolve work-related problems.
Analyze and modify compensation and benefits policies to establish competitive programs and ensure compliance with legal requirements.
Perform difficult staffing duties, including dealing with understaffing, refereeing disputes, firing employees, and administering disciplinary procedures.
Represent organization at personnel-related hearings and investigations.
Negotiate bargaining agreements and help interpret labor contracts.
Identify staff vacancies and recruit, interview, and select applicants.
Plan, direct, supervise, and coordinate work activities of subordinates and staff relating to employment, compensation, labor relations, and employee relations.
Prepare personnel forecast to project employment needs.
Provide current and prospective employees with information about policies, job duties, working conditions, wages, opportunities for promotion, and employee benefits.
Investigate and report on industrial accidents for insurance carriers.
Administer compensation, benefits, and performance management systems, and safety and recreation programs.
Analyze statistical data and reports to identify and determine causes of personnel problems and develop recommendations for improvement of organization's personnel policies and practices.
Plan, organize, direct, control, or coordinate the personnel, training, or labor relations activities of an organization.
Allocate human resources, ensuring appropriate matches between personnel.
Oversee the evaluation, classification, and rating of occupations and job positions.
Plan and conduct new employee orientation to foster positive attitude toward organizational objectives.
Analyze training needs to design employee development, language training, and health and safety programs.
Study legislation, arbitration decisions, and collective bargaining contracts to assess industry trends.
Maintain records and compile statistical reports concerning personnel-related data such as hires, transfers, performance appraisals, and absenteeism rates.
Prepare and follow budgets for personnel operations.
Conduct exit interviews to identify reasons for employee termination.
Develop, administer, and evaluate applicant tests.
Develop or administer special projects in areas such as pay equity, savings bond programs, day care, and employee awards.
Contract with vendors to provide employee services, such as food service, transportation, or relocation service.
Provide terminated employees with outplacement or relocation assistance.
Advise managers on organizational policy matters, such as equal employment opportunity and sexual harassment, and recommend needed changes.

Job Duties: First-Line Supervisors of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers

Recommend changes in working conditions or equipment used to increase crew efficiency.

Establish and enforce operating procedures and work standards that will ensure adequate performance and personnel safety.
Schedule work for crews, depending on work priorities, crew or equipment availability, or weather conditions.
Tour grounds, such as parks, botanical gardens, cemeteries, or golf courses, to inspect conditions of plants and soil.
Monitor project activities to ensure that instructions are followed, deadlines are met, and schedules are maintained.
Direct activities of workers who perform duties, such as landscaping, cultivating lawns, or pruning trees and shrubs.
Inspect completed work to ensure conformance to specifications, standards, and contract requirements.
Plant or maintain vegetation through activities such as mulching, fertilizing, watering, mowing, or pruning.
Direct or perform mixing or application of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides, or fungicides.
Train workers in tasks such as transplanting or pruning trees or shrubs, finishing cement, using equipment, or caring for turf.
Prepare service estimates based on labor, material, and machine costs and maintain budgets for individual projects.
Identify diseases or pests affecting landscaping and order appropriate treatments.
Inventory supplies of tools, equipment, or materials to ensure that sufficient supplies are available and items are in usable condition.
Maintain required records, such as personnel information or project records.
Perform personnel-related activities, such as hiring workers, evaluating staff performance, or taking disciplinary actions when performance problems occur.
Prepare or maintain required records, such as work activity or personnel reports.
Investigate work-related complaints to verify problems and to determine responses.
Perform administrative duties, such as authorizing leaves or processing time sheets.
Confer with other supervisors to coordinate work activities with those of other departments or units.
Direct or assist workers engaged in the maintenance or repair of equipment, such as power tools or motorized equipment.
Review contracts or work assignments to determine service, machine, or workforce requirements for jobs.
Order the performance of corrective work when problems occur and recommend procedural changes to avoid such problems.
Confer with managers or landscape architects to develop plans or schedules for landscaping maintenance or improvement.
Answer inquiries from current or prospective customers regarding methods, materials, or price ranges.
Install or maintain landscaped areas, performing tasks such as removing snow, pouring cement curbs, or repairing sidewalks.
Design or supervise the installation of sprinkler systems, calculating water pressure, or valve and pipe coverage needs.
Negotiate with customers regarding fees for landscaping, lawn service, or groundskeeping work.
Provide workers with assistance in performing duties as necessary to meet deadlines.
Recommend changes in working conditions or equipment used to increase crew efficiency.

Job Duties: Legislators

Review bills in committee, and make recommendations about their future.

Analyze and understand the local and national implications of proposed legislation.
Appoint nominees to leadership posts, or approve such appointments.
Confer with colleagues to formulate positions and strategies pertaining to pending issues.
Debate the merits of proposals and bill amendments during floor sessions, following the appropriate rules of procedure.
Develop expertise in subject matters related to committee assignments.
Hear testimony from constituents, representatives of interest groups, board and commission members, and others with an interest in bills or issues under consideration.
Keep abreast of the issues affecting constituents by making personal visits and phone calls, reading local newspapers, and viewing or listening to local broadcasts.
Maintain knowledge of relevant national and international current events.
Negotiate with colleagues or members of other political parties in order to reconcile differing interests, and to create policies and agreements.
Prepare drafts of amendments, government policies, laws, rules, regulations, budgets, programs and procedures.
Read and review concerns of constituents or the general public and determine if governmental action is necessary.
Represent their parties in negotiations with political executives or members of other parties, and when speaking with the media.
Seek federal funding for local projects and programs.
Serve on commissions, investigative panels, study groups, and committees in order to examine specialized areas and recommend action.
Vote on motions, amendments, and decisions on whether or not to report a bill out from committee to the assembly floor.
Write, prepare, and deliver statements for the Congressional Record.
Alert constituents of government actions and programs by way of newsletters, personal appearances at town meetings, phone calls, and individual meetings.
Attend receptions, dinners, and conferences to meet people, exchange views and information, and develop working relationships.
Conduct "head counts" to help predict the outcome of upcoming votes.
Determine campaign strategies for media advertising, positions on issues, and public appearances.
Encourage and support party candidates for political office.
Establish personal offices in local districts or states, and manage office staff.
Evaluate the structure, efficiency, activities, and performance of government agencies.
Organize and maintain campaign organizations and fundraisers, in order to raise money for election or re-election.
Oversee expense allowances, ensuring that accounts are balanced at the end of each fiscal year.
Promote the industries and products of their electoral districts.
Represent their government at local, national, and international meetings and conferences.
Speak to students to encourage and support the development of future political leaders.
Make decisions that balance the perspectives of private citizens, public officials, and party leaders.
Review bills in committee, and make recommendations about their future.