Tasks   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

10 of 38 displayed (32 important)

All 38 displayed (32 important)

Importance	Category	Task
85	Core	Identify environmental impacts caused by products, systems, or projects.
81	Core	Examine local, regional or global use and flow of materials or energy in industrial production processes.
81	Core	Identify or develop strategies or methods to minimize the environmental impact of industrial production processes.
79	Core	Prepare technical and research reports such as environmental impact reports, and communicate the results to individuals in industry, government, or the general public.
77	Core	Analyze changes designed to improve the environmental performance of complex systems to avoid unintended negative consequences.
76	Core	Review research literature to maintain knowledge on topics related to industrial ecology, such as physical science, technology, economy, and public policy.
74	Core	Recommend methods to protect the environment or minimize environmental damage from industrial production practices.
74	Core	Build and maintain databases of information about energy alternatives, pollutants, natural environments, industrial processes, and other information related to ecological change.
74	Core	Identify or compare the component parts or relationships between the parts of industrial, social, and natural systems.
72	Core	Redesign linear, or open loop, systems into cyclical, or closed loop, systems so that waste products become inputs for new processes, modeling natural ecosystems.
71	Core	Conduct environmental sustainability assessments, using material flow analysis (MFA) or substance flow analysis (SFA) techniques.
70	Core	Identify sustainable alternatives to industrial or waste management practices.
68	Core	Review industrial practices, such as the methods and materials used in construction or production, to identify potential liabilities and environmental hazards.
67	Core	Translate the theories of industrial ecology into eco-industrial practices.
65	Core	Prepare plans to manage renewable resources.
63	Core	Examine societal issues and their relationship with both technical systems and the environment.
62	Core	Plan or conduct studies of the ecological implications of historic or projected changes in industrial processes or development.
61	Core	Provide industrial managers with technical materials on environmental issues, regulatory guidelines, or compliance actions.
61	Core	Carry out environmental assessments in accordance with applicable standards, regulations, or laws.
61	Core	Plan or conduct field research on topics such as industrial production, industrial ecology, population ecology, and environmental production or sustainability.
59	Core	Research sources of pollution to determine environmental impact or to develop methods of pollution abatement or control.
59	Core	Forecast future status or condition of ecosystems, based on changing industrial practices or environmental conditions.
59	Core	Perform analyses to determine how human behavior can affect and be affected by changes in the environment.
57	Core	Promote use of environmental management systems (EMS) to reduce waste or to improve environmentally sound use of natural resources.
56	Core	Monitor the environmental impact of development activities, pollution, or land degradation.
55	Core	Develop alternative energy investment scenarios to compare economic and environmental costs and benefits.
54	Core	Investigate the impact of changed land management or land use practices on ecosystems.
53	Core	Research environmental effects of land and water used to determine methods of improving environmental conditions or increasing outputs such as crop yields.
53	Core	Perform environmentally extended input-output (EE I-O) analyses.
51	Core	Apply new or existing research about natural ecosystems to understand economic and industrial systems in the context of the environment.
50	Core	Investigate accidents affecting the environment to assess ecological impact.
50	Core	Create complex and dynamic mathematical models of population, community, or ecological systems.
49	Supplemental	Conduct applied research on the effects of industrial processes on the protection, restoration, inventory, monitoring, or reintroduction of species to the natural environment.
47	Supplemental	Evaluate the effectiveness of industrial ecology programs using statistical analysis and applications.
47	Supplemental	Conduct scientific protection, mitigation, or restoration projects to prevent resource damage, maintain the integrity of critical habitats, and minimize the impact of human activities.
40	Supplemental	Conduct analyses to determine the maximum amount of work that can be accomplished for a given amount of energy in a system, such as industrial production systems and waste treatment systems.
36	Supplemental	Develop or test protocols to monitor ecosystem components and ecological processes.
35	Supplemental	Investigate the adaptability of various animal and plant species to changed environmental conditions.

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Technology Skills   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

10 of 14 displayed

All 14 displayed

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Tools Used   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

All 6 displayed

• Desktop computers
• Laser fax machine — Laser facsimile machines
• Notebook computers — Laptop computers
• Personal computers
• Scanners — Computer data input scanners
• Special purpose telephones — Multi-line telephone systems

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Knowledge   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

10 of 33 displayed (10 important)

All 33 displayed (10 important)

Importance		Knowledge
72		English Language — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.
71		Engineering and Technology — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
68		Mathematics — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
62		Education and Training — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
58		Chemistry — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
57		Production and Processing — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
55		Administration and Management — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
54		Biology — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
54		Law and Government — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
50		Computers and Electronics — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
49		Geography — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
46		Physics — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub- atomic structures and processes.
45		Communications and Media — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
45		Transportation — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
44		Design — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
41		Economics and Accounting — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
41		Sociology and Anthropology — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures and their history and origins.
33		Psychology — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
32		Clerical — Knowledge of administrative and clerical procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and other office procedures and terminology.
31		Building and Construction — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
30		Personnel and Human Resources — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
29		Food Production — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
29		Sales and Marketing — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
28		Customer and Personal Service — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
24		Mechanical — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
23		Philosophy and Theology — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
22		Public Safety and Security — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
22		Telecommunications — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
21		History and Archeology — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
15		Foreign Language — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
10		Medicine and Dentistry — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
6		Therapy and Counseling — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
2		Fine Arts — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.

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Skills   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

10 of 35 displayed (17 important)

All 35 displayed (17 important)

Importance		Skill
78		Reading Comprehension — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work related documents.
75		Critical Thinking — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems.
75		Writing — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
72		Active Listening — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
72		Judgment and Decision Making — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
72		Speaking — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
66		Complex Problem Solving — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
63		Active Learning — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
63		Science — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
63		Systems Analysis — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
60		Systems Evaluation — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
56		Mathematics — Using mathematics to solve problems.
53		Coordination — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
53		Monitoring — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
53		Social Perceptiveness — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
50		Instructing — Teaching others how to do something.
50		Learning Strategies — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
47		Management of Personnel Resources — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
47		Negotiation — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
47		Persuasion — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
47		Time Management — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
38		Service Orientation — Actively looking for ways to help people.
35		Operations Analysis — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
35		Programming — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
28		Technology Design — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
25		Management of Financial Resources — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
25		Management of Material Resources — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
19		Operation Monitoring — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
19		Quality Control Analysis — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
6		Operation and Control — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
3		Equipment Selection — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
3		Troubleshooting — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
0		Equipment Maintenance — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
0		Installation — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
0		Repairing — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

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Abilities   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

10 of 52 displayed (18 important)

All 52 displayed (18 important)

Importance		Ability
78		Deductive Reasoning — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
75		Inductive Reasoning — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
75		Written Expression — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
72		Oral Comprehension — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
72		Oral Expression — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
72		Problem Sensitivity — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing there is a problem.
72		Written Comprehension — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
69		Near Vision — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
69		Speech Clarity — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
63		Information Ordering — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
63		Mathematical Reasoning — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
63		Speech Recognition — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
60		Category Flexibility — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
56		Flexibility of Closure — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
56		Fluency of Ideas — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
53		Number Facility — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
53		Originality — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
50		Far Vision — The ability to see details at a distance.
47		Selective Attention — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
44		Perceptual Speed — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
44		Speed of Closure — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
41		Visualization — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
35		Memorization — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
31		Visual Color Discrimination — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
25		Hearing Sensitivity — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
25		Time Sharing — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
25		Wrist-Finger Speed — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
22		Auditory Attention — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
22		Trunk Strength — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without 'giving out' or fatiguing.
19		Depth Perception — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
6		Spatial Orientation — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
3		Dynamic Strength — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
3		Finger Dexterity — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
0		Arm-Hand Steadiness — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
0		Control Precision — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
0		Dynamic Flexibility — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
0		Explosive Strength — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
0		Extent Flexibility — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
0		Glare Sensitivity — The ability to see objects in the presence of glare or bright lighting.
0		Gross Body Coordination — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
0		Gross Body Equilibrium — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
0		Manual Dexterity — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
0		Multilimb Coordination — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
0		Night Vision — The ability to see under low light conditions.
0		Peripheral Vision — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
0		Rate Control — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
0		Reaction Time — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
0		Response Orientation — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
0		Sound Localization — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
0		Speed of Limb Movement — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
0		Stamina — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
0		Static Strength — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.

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Work Activities   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

10 of 41 displayed (25 important)

All 41 displayed (25 important)

Importance		Work Activity
93		Getting Information — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
89		Analyzing Data or Information — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
87		Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
86		Processing Information — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
82		Interacting With Computers — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
80		Making Decisions and Solving Problems — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
78		Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
78		Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
77		Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
77		Thinking Creatively — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
75		Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
74		Communicating with Persons Outside Organization — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
72		Provide Consultation and Advice to Others — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
67		Developing Objectives and Strategies — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
66		Documenting/Recording Information — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
66		Training and Teaching Others — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
64		Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
63		Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
60		Developing and Building Teams — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
60		Monitor Processes, Materials, or Surroundings — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
58		Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
57		Judging the Qualities of Things, Services, or People — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
55		Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
54		Coaching and Developing Others — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
53		Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
49		Selling or Influencing Others — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
47		Scheduling Work and Activities — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
44		Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
42		Monitoring and Controlling Resources — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
35		Performing Administrative Activities — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
33		Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Material — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
30		Staffing Organizational Units — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
28		Performing for or Working Directly with the Public — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
25		Assisting and Caring for Others — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
20		Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
10		Performing General Physical Activities — Performing physical activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling of materials.
8		Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or water craft.
8		Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
6		Controlling Machines and Processes — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
5		Handling and Moving Objects — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
5		Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

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Detailed Work Activities   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

10 of 22 displayed

All 22 displayed

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Work Context   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

10 of 57 displayed

All 57 displayed

Work Context	Percentage of Top Responses
Electronic Mail — How often do you use electronic mail in this job?	96    Every day
Freedom to Make Decisions — How much decision making freedom, without supervision, does the job offer?	67    A lot of freedom 21    Some freedom
Duration of Typical Work Week — Number of hours typically worked in one week.	71    More than 40 hours 29    40 hours
Face-to-Face Discussions — How often do you have to have face-to-face discussions with individuals or teams in this job?	52    Every day 39    Once a week or more but not every day
Telephone — How often do you have telephone conversations in this job?	48    Every day 48    Once a week or more but not every day
Structured versus Unstructured Work — To what extent is this job structured for the worker, rather than allowing the worker to determine tasks, priorities, and goals?	54    A lot of freedom 29    Some freedom 17    Limited freedom
Work With Work Group or Team — How important is it to work with others in a group or team in this job?	48    Extremely important 39    Very important 13    Important
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate — How important is being very exact or highly accurate in performing this job?	42    Extremely important 42    Very important 17    Important
Spend Time Sitting — How much does this job require sitting?	38    Continually or almost continually 42    More than half the time 17    About half the time
Letters and Memos — How often does the job require written letters and memos?	35    Every day 26    Once a week or more but not every day 30    Once a month or more but not every week
Indoors, Environmentally Controlled — How often does this job require working indoors in environmentally controlled conditions?	43    Every day 30    Once a week or more but not every day 13    Once a year or more but not every month 13    Never
Contact With Others — How much does this job require the worker to be in contact with others (face-to-face, by telephone, or otherwise) in order to perform it?	21    Constant contact with others 38    Contact with others most of the time 38    Contact with others about half the time
Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results — What results do your decisions usually have on other people or the image or reputation or financial resources of your employer?	17    Very important results 33    Important results 42    Moderate results
Time Pressure — How often does this job require the worker to meet strict deadlines?	17    Every day 21    Once a week or more but not every day 50    Once a month or more but not every week 13    Once a year or more but not every month
Coordinate or Lead Others — How important is it to coordinate or lead others in accomplishing work activities in this job?	35    Very important 39    Important 17    Fairly important
Level of Competition — To what extent does this job require the worker to compete or to be aware of competitive pressures?	35    Highly competitive 30    Moderately competitive 22    Slightly competitive
Responsibility for Outcomes and Results — How responsible is the worker for work outcomes and results of other workers?	17    Very high responsibility 13    High responsibility 52    Moderate responsibility
Frequency of Decision Making — How frequently is the worker required to make decisions that affect other people, the financial resources, and/or the image and reputation of the organization?	17    Every day 13    Once a week or more but not every day 30    Once a month or more but not every week 35    Once a year or more but not every month
Frequency of Conflict Situations — How often are there conflict situations the employee has to face in this job?	21    Once a week or more but not every day 25    Once a month or more but not every week 42    Once a year or more but not every month
Deal With External Customers — How important is it to work with external customers or the public in this job?	13    Extremely important 17    Very important 17    Important 42    Fairly important 13    Not important at all
Public Speaking — How often do you have to perform public speaking in this job?	13    Once a week or more but not every day 38    Once a month or more but not every week 46    Once a year or more but not every month
Physical Proximity — To what extent does this job require the worker to perform job tasks in close physical proximity to other people?	43    Slightly close (e.g., shared office) 48    I work with others but not closely (e.g., private office)
Consequence of Error — How serious would the result usually be if the worker made a mistake that was not readily correctable?	22    Very serious 39    Fairly serious 35    Not serious at all
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks — How important is repeating the same physical activities (e.g., key entry) or mental activities (e.g., checking entries in a ledger) over and over, without stopping, to performing this job?	17    Very important 13    Important 17    Fairly important 48    Not important at all
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled — How often does this job require working indoors in non-controlled environmental conditions (e.g., warehouse without heat)?	21    Once a month or more but not every week 46    Once a year or more but not every month 25    Never
Deal With Unpleasant or Angry People — How frequently does the worker have to deal with unpleasant, angry, or discourteous individuals as part of the job requirements?	74    Once a year or more but not every month 13    Never
Responsible for Others' Health and Safety — How much responsibility is there for the health and safety of others in this job?	13    Moderate responsibility 33    Limited responsibility 42    No responsibility
Spend Time Standing — How much does this job require standing?	83    Less than half the time
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets — How much does this job require wearing common protective or safety equipment such as safety shoes, glasses, gloves, hard hats or life jackets?	13    Once a month or more but not every week 57    Once a year or more but not every month 26    Never
Exposed to Contaminants — How often does this job require working exposed to contaminants (such as pollutants, gases, dust or odors)?	13    Once a month or more but not every week 65    Once a year or more but not every month 22    Never
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Equipment — How often does this job require working in a closed vehicle or equipment (e.g., car)?	21    Once a month or more but not every week 25    Once a year or more but not every month 46    Never
Sounds, Noise Levels Are Distracting or Uncomfortable — How often does this job require working exposed to sounds and noise levels that are distracting or uncomfortable?	17    Once a month or more but not every week 46    Once a year or more but not every month 33    Never
Degree of Automation — How automated is the job?	17    Moderately automated 35    Slightly automated 43    Not at all automated
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions — How much does this job require making repetitive motions?	22    About half the time 13    Less than half the time 57    Never
Outdoors, Exposed to Weather — How often does this job require working outdoors, exposed to all weather conditions?	26    Once a month or more but not every week 26    Once a year or more but not every month 48    Never
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls — How much does this job require using your hands to handle, control, or feel objects, tools or controls?	21    Less than half the time 63    Never
Spend Time Walking and Running — How much does this job require walking and running?	74    Less than half the time 26    Never
Work Schedules — How regular are the work schedules for this job?	29    Irregular (changes with weather conditions, production demands, or contract duration) 71    Regular (established routine, set schedule)
Exposed to Hazardous Conditions — How often does this job require exposure to hazardous conditions?	39    Once a year or more but not every month 52    Never
Very Hot or Cold Temperatures — How often does this job require working in very hot (above 90 F degrees) or very cold (below 32 F degrees) temperatures?	43    Once a year or more but not every month 52    Never
Outdoors, Under Cover — How often does this job require working outdoors, under cover (e.g., structure with roof but no walls)?	17    Once a month or more but not every week 17    Once a year or more but not every month 67    Never
Exposed to Hazardous Equipment — How often does this job require exposure to hazardous equipment?	25    Once a year or more but not every month 67    Never
Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection — How much does this job require wearing specialized protective or safety equipment such as breathing apparatus, safety harness, full protection suits, or radiation protection?	29    Once a year or more but not every month 67    Never
Exposed to High Places — How often does this job require exposure to high places?	33    Once a year or more but not every month 67    Never
Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting — How often does this job require working in extremely bright or inadequate lighting conditions?	33    Once a year or more but not every month 67    Never
Spend Time Bending or Twisting the Body — How much does this job require bending or twisting your body?	26    Less than half the time 74    Never
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling — How much does this job require kneeling, crouching, stooping or crawling?	25    Less than half the time 75    Never
Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles — How much does this job require climbing ladders, scaffolds, or poles?	21    Less than half the time 79    Never
Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions — How often does this job require working in cramped work spaces that requires getting into awkward positions?	88    Never
Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings — How often does this job require exposure to minor burns, cuts, bites, or stings?	17    Once a year or more but not every month 83    Never
In an Open Vehicle or Equipment — How often does this job require working in an open vehicle or equipment (e.g., tractor)?	87    Never
Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance — How much does this job require keeping or regaining your balance?	17    Less than half the time 83    Never
Deal With Physically Aggressive People — How frequently does this job require the worker to deal with physical aggression of violent individuals?	92    Never
Exposed to Radiation — How often does this job require exposure to radiation?	92    Never
Exposed to Whole Body Vibration — How often does this job require exposure to whole body vibration (e.g., operate a jackhammer)?	91    Never
Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment — How important is it to this job that the pace is determined by the speed of equipment or machinery? (This does not refer to keeping busy at all times on this job.)	96    Not important at all
Exposed to Disease or Infections — How often does this job require exposure to disease/infections?	100    Never

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Job Zone   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

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Education

Percentage of Respondents	Education Level Required
50	Master's degree
21	Doctoral degree
17	Bachelor's degree

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Credentials

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Interests   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

All 6 displayed (2 important)

Occupational Interest		Interest
95		Investigative — Investigative occupations frequently involve working with ideas, and require an extensive amount of thinking. These occupations can involve searching for facts and figuring out problems mentally.
50		Enterprising — Enterprising occupations frequently involve starting up and carrying out projects. These occupations can involve leading people and making many decisions. Sometimes they require risk taking and often deal with business.
28		Conventional — Conventional occupations frequently involve following set procedures and routines. These occupations can include working with data and details more than with ideas. Usually there is a clear line of authority to follow.
22		Artistic — Artistic occupations frequently involve working with forms, designs and patterns. They often require self-expression and the work can be done without following a clear set of rules.
22		Realistic — Realistic occupations frequently involve work activities that include practical, hands-on problems and solutions. They often deal with plants, animals, and real-world materials like wood, tools, and machinery. Many of the occupations require working outside, and do not involve a lot of paperwork or working closely with others.
11		Social — Social occupations frequently involve working with, communicating with, and teaching people. These occupations often involve helping or providing service to others.

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Work Styles   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

10 of 16 displayed (16 important)

All 16 displayed (16 important)

Importance		Work Style
96		Analytical Thinking — Job requires analyzing information and using logic to address work-related issues and problems.
88		Integrity — Job requires being honest and ethical.
85		Attention to Detail — Job requires being careful about detail and thorough in completing work tasks.
82		Achievement/Effort — Job requires establishing and maintaining personally challenging achievement goals and exerting effort toward mastering tasks.
82		Initiative — Job requires a willingness to take on responsibilities and challenges.
78		Independence — Job requires developing one's own ways of doing things, guiding oneself with little or no supervision, and depending on oneself to get things done.
78		Persistence — Job requires persistence in the face of obstacles.
76		Cooperation — Job requires being pleasant with others on the job and displaying a good-natured, cooperative attitude.
75		Adaptability/Flexibility — Job requires being open to change (positive or negative) and to considerable variety in the workplace.
75		Dependability — Job requires being reliable, responsible, and dependable, and fulfilling obligations.
75		Innovation — Job requires creativity and alternative thinking to develop new ideas for and answers to work-related problems.
69		Leadership — Job requires a willingness to lead, take charge, and offer opinions and direction.
64		Stress Tolerance — Job requires accepting criticism and dealing calmly and effectively with high stress situations.
62		Self Control — Job requires maintaining composure, keeping emotions in check, controlling anger, and avoiding aggressive behavior, even in very difficult situations.
60		Concern for Others — Job requires being sensitive to others' needs and feelings and being understanding and helpful on the job.
54		Social Orientation — Job requires preferring to work with others rather than alone, and being personally connected with others on the job.

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Work Values   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

All 6 displayed (4 important)

Extent		Work Value
83		Achievement — Occupations that satisfy this work value are results oriented and allow employees to use their strongest abilities, giving them a feeling of accomplishment. Corresponding needs are Ability Utilization and Achievement.
72		Independence — Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to work on their own and make decisions. Corresponding needs are Creativity, Responsibility and Autonomy.
70		Working Conditions — Occupations that satisfy this work value offer job security and good working conditions. Corresponding needs are Activity, Compensation, Independence, Security, Variety and Working Conditions.
61		Recognition — Occupations that satisfy this work value offer advancement, potential for leadership, and are often considered prestigious. Corresponding needs are Advancement, Authority, Recognition and Social Status.
45		Relationships — Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to provide service to others and work with co-workers in a friendly non-competitive environment. Corresponding needs are Co-workers, Moral Values and Social Service.
39		Support — Occupations that satisfy this work value offer supportive management that stands behind employees. Corresponding needs are Company Policies, Supervision: Human Relations and Supervision: Technical.

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Wages & Employment Trends

Median wages data collected from Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health.
Employment data collected from Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health.
Industry data collected from Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health.

Median wages (2016)	$33.13 hourly, $68,910 annual
State wages
Employment (2014)	95,000 employees
Projected growth (2014-2024)	Faster than average (9% to 13%)
Projected job openings (2014-2024)	39,300
State trends
Top industries (2014)	Government (41% employed in this sector) Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services (40%) (see all industries)

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics 2016 wage data and 2014-2024 employment projections . "Projected growth" represents the estimated change in total employment over the projections period (2014-2024). "Projected job openings" represent openings due to growth and replacement.

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Job Openings on the Web

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Sources of Additional Information

All 1 displayed

Disclaimer: Sources are listed to provide additional information on related jobs, specialties, and/or industries. Links to non-DOL Internet sites are provided for your convenience and do not constitute an endorsement.

• Environmental scientists and specialists . Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2016-17 Edition.