- Develop factors such as themes, plots, characterizations, psychological analyses, historical environments, action, and dialogue to create material.
Occupations with related tasks Save Table: XLSX CSV
- Write fiction or nonfiction prose, such as short stories, novels, biographies, articles, descriptive or critical analyses, and essays.
- Prepare works in appropriate format for publication, and send them to publishers or producers.
- Plan project arrangements or outlines, and organize material accordingly.
- Vary language and tone of messages based on product and medium.
- Write articles, bulletins, sales letters, speeches, and other related informative, marketing and promotional material.
- Write advertising material for use by publication, broadcast, or internet media to promote the sale of goods and services.
- Write to customers in their terms and on their level so that the script, story, or advertisement message is more readily received.
- Invent names for products and write the slogans that appear on packaging, brochures and other promotional material.
- Revise written material to meet personal standards and to satisfy needs of clients, publishers, directors, or producers.
- Present drafts and ideas to clients.
- Edit or rewrite existing written material as necessary, and submit written material for approval by supervisor, editor, or publisher.
- Conduct research to obtain factual information and authentic detail, using sources such as newspaper accounts, diaries, and interviews.
- Conduct research and interviews to determine which of a product's selling features should be promoted.
- Discuss with the client the product, advertising themes and methods, and any changes that should be made in advertising copy.
- Work with staff to develop script, story, or advertising concepts.
- Consult with sales, media and marketing representatives to obtain information on product or service and discuss style and length of advertising written material.
- Collaborate with other writers on specific projects.
- Follow appropriate procedures to get copyrights for completed work.
- Review advertising trends, consumer surveys, and other data regarding marketing of goods and services to determine the best way to promote products.
- Develop advertising campaigns for a wide range of clients, working with an advertising agency's creative director and art director to determine the best way to present advertising information.
- Write fiction or nonfiction prose, such as short stories, novels, biographies, articles, descriptive or critical analyses, and essays.
- Prepare works in appropriate format for publication, and send them to publishers or producers.
- Plan project arrangements or outlines, and organize material accordingly.
- Vary language and tone of messages based on product and medium.
- Write articles, bulletins, sales letters, speeches, and other related informative, marketing and promotional material.
- Write advertising material for use by publication, broadcast, or internet media to promote the sale of goods and services.
- Write to customers in their terms and on their level so that the script, story, or advertisement message is more readily received.
- Invent names for products and write the slogans that appear on packaging, brochures and other promotional material.
- Write original or adapted material for dramas, comedies, puppet shows, narration, or other performances.
- Attend auditions and casting calls to audition for roles.
- Work closely with directors, other actors, and playwrights to find the interpretation most suited to the role.
- Portray and interpret roles, using speech, gestures, and body movements, to entertain, inform, or instruct radio, film, television, or live audiences.
- Study and rehearse roles from scripts to interpret, learn and memorize lines, stunts, and cues as directed.
- Collaborate with other actors as part of an ensemble.
- Learn about characters in scripts and their relationships to each other to develop role interpretations.
- Perform humorous and serious interpretations of emotions, actions, and situations, using body movements, facial expressions, and gestures.
- Read from scripts or books to narrate action or to inform or entertain audiences, utilizing few or no stage props.
- Work with other crew members responsible for lighting, costumes, make-up, and props.
- Promote productions using means such as interviews about plays or movies.
- Tell jokes, perform comic dances, songs and skits, impersonate mannerisms and voices of others, contort face, and use other devices to amuse audiences.
- Sing or dance during dramatic or comedic performances.
- Prepare and perform action stunts for motion picture, television, or stage productions.
- Introduce performances and performers to stimulate excitement and coordinate smooth transition of acts during events.
- Dress in comical clown costumes and makeup, and perform comedy routines to entertain audiences.
- Construct puppets and ventriloquist dummies, and sew accessory clothing, using hand tools and machines.
- Perform original and stock tricks of illusion to entertain and mystify audiences, occasionally including audience members as participants.
- Create self-recordings to audition for roles.
- Write original or adapted material for dramas, comedies, puppet shows, narration, or other performances.
- Write text, such as headlines, stories, articles, editorials, or newsletters.
- Verify facts, dates, and statistics, using standard reference sources.
- Read copy or proof to detect and correct errors in spelling, punctuation, and syntax.
- Prepare, rewrite and edit copy to improve readability, or supervise others who do this work.
- Develop story or content ideas, considering reader or audience appeal.
- Allocate print space for story text, photos, and illustrations according to space parameters and copy significance, using knowledge of layout principles.
- Confer with management and editorial staff members regarding placement and emphasis of developing news stories.
- Oversee publication production, including artwork, layout, computer typesetting, and printing, ensuring adherence to deadlines and budget requirements.
- Supervise and coordinate work of reporters and other editors.
- Assign topics, events and stories to individual writers or reporters for coverage.
- Monitor news-gathering operations to ensure utilization of all news sources, such as press releases, telephone contacts, radio, television, wire services, and other reporters.
- Review and approve proofs submitted by composing room prior to publication production.
- Respond to questions from the public.
- Plan the contents of publications according to the publication's style, editorial policy, and publishing requirements.
- Read, evaluate and edit manuscripts or other materials submitted for publication, and confer with authors regarding changes in content, style or organization, or publication.
- Select local, state, national, and international news items received from wire services, based on assessment of items' significance and interest value.
- Direct the policies and departments of newspapers, magazines and other publishing establishments.
- Meet frequently with artists, typesetters, layout personnel, marketing directors, and production managers to discuss projects and resolve problems.
- Interview and hire writers and reporters or negotiate contracts, royalties, and payments for authors or freelancers.
- Read material to determine index items and arrange them alphabetically or topically, indicating page or chapter location.
- Make manuscript acceptance or revision recommendations to the publisher.
- Arrange for copyright permissions.
- Write text, such as headlines, stories, articles, editorials, or newsletters.
- Write and edit video and scripts for broadcasts.
- Read news flashes to inform audiences of important events.
- Announce musical selections, station breaks, commercials, or public service information, and accept requests from listening audience.
- Operate control consoles.
- Identify stations, and introduce or close shows, ad-libbing or using memorized or read scripts.
- Study background information to prepare for programs or interviews.
- Prepare and deliver news, sports, or weather reports, gathering and rewriting material so that it will convey required information and fit specific time slots.
- Record commercials for later broadcast.
- Keep daily program logs to provide information on all elements aired during broadcast, such as musical selections and station promotions.
- Develop story lines for broadcasts.
- Select program content, in conjunction with producers and assistants, based on factors such as program specialties, audience tastes, or requests from the public.
- Interview show guests about their lives, their work, or topics of current interest.
- Comment on music and other matters, such as weather or traffic conditions.
- Make promotional appearances at public or private events to represent their employers.
- Provide commentary and conduct interviews during sporting events, parades, conventions, or other events.
- Host civic, charitable, or promotional events broadcast over television or radio.
- Locate guests to appear on talk or interview shows.
- Coordinate games, contests, or other on-air competitions, performing such duties as asking questions and awarding prizes.
- Attend press conferences to gather information for broadcast.
- Maintain organization of the music library.
- Discuss various topics over the telephone with viewers or listeners.
- Moderate panels or discussion shows on topics such as current affairs, art, or education.
- Give network cues permitting selected stations to receive programs.
- Describe or demonstrate products that viewers may purchase through specific shows or in stores.
- Write and edit video and scripts for broadcasts.
- Compose and edit scripts or provide screenwriters with story outlines from which scripts can be written.
- Plan details such as framing, composition, camera movement, sound, and actor movement for each shot or scene.
- Communicate to actors the approach, characterization, and movement needed for each scene in such a way that rehearsals and takes are minimized.
- Direct live broadcasts, films and recordings, or non-broadcast programming for public entertainment or education.
- Research production topics using the internet, video archives, and other informational sources.
- Review film, recordings, or rehearsals to ensure conformance to production and broadcast standards.
- Study and research scripts to determine how they should be directed.
- Supervise and coordinate the work of camera, lighting, design, and sound crew members.
- Confer with technical directors, managers, crew members, and writers to discuss details of production, such as photography, script, music, sets, and costumes.
- Perform management activities, such as budgeting, scheduling, planning, and marketing.
- Consult with writers, producers, or actors about script changes or "workshop" scripts, through rehearsal with writers and actors to create final drafts.
- Identify and approve equipment and elements required for productions, such as scenery, lights, props, costumes, choreography, and music.
- Establish pace of programs and sequences of scenes according to time requirements and cast and set accessibility.
- Conduct meetings with staff to discuss production progress and to ensure production objectives are attained.
- Compile scripts, program notes, and other material related to productions.
- Resolve personnel problems that arise during the production process by acting as liaisons between dissenting parties when necessary.
- Coordinate the activities of writers, directors, managers, and other personnel throughout the production process.
- Obtain rights to scripts or to such items as existing video footage.
- Write and submit proposals to bid on contracts for projects.
- Cut and edit film or tape to integrate component parts into desired sequences.
- Write and edit news stories from information collected by reporters and other sources.
- Choose settings and locations for films and determine how scenes will be shot in these settings.
- Review film daily to check on work in progress and to plan for future filming.
- Negotiate with parties, including independent producers and the distributors and broadcasters who will be handling completed productions.
- Perform administrative duties, such as preparing operational reports, distributing rehearsal call sheets and script copies, and arranging for rehearsal quarters.
- Develop marketing plans for finished products, collaborating with sales associates to supervise product distribution.
- Arrange financing for productions.
- Hire principal cast members and crew members, such as art directors, cinematographers, and costume designers.
- Hold auditions for parts or negotiate contracts with actors determined suitable for specific roles.
- Select plays, scripts, books, news content, or ideas to be produced.
- Compose and edit scripts or provide screenwriters with story outlines from which scripts can be written.
- Plan and develop pre-production ideas into outlines, scripts, story boards, and graphics, using own ideas or specifications of assignments.
- Notify supervisors when major equipment repairs are needed.
- Diagnose and resolve media system problems.
- Direct and coordinate activities of assistants and other personnel during production.
- Compress, digitize, duplicate, and store audio and video data.
- Install, adjust, and operate electronic equipment to record, edit, and transmit radio and television programs, motion pictures, video conferencing, or multimedia presentations.
- Control the lights and sound of events, such as live concerts, before and after performances, and during intermissions.
- Switch sources of video input from one camera or studio to another, from film to live programming, or from network to local programming.
- Record and edit audio material, such as movie soundtracks, using audio recording and editing equipment.
- Perform minor repairs and routine cleaning of audio and video equipment.
- Design layouts of audio and video equipment and perform upgrades and maintenance.
- Conduct training sessions on selection, use, and design of audio-visual materials and on operation of presentation equipment.
- Monitor incoming and outgoing pictures and sound feeds to ensure quality and notify directors of any possible problems.
- Mix and regulate sound inputs and feeds or coordinate audio feeds with television pictures.
- Construct and position properties, sets, lighting equipment, and other equipment.
- Reserve audio-visual equipment and facilities, such as meeting rooms.
- Determine formats, approaches, content, levels, and mediums to effectively meet objectives within budgetary constraints, using research, knowledge, and training.
- Edit videotapes by erasing and removing portions of programs and adding video or sound as required.
- Obtain, set up, and load videotapes for scheduled productions or broadcasts.
- Produce rough and finished graphics and graphic designs.
- Locate and secure settings, properties, effects, and other production necessities.
- Meet with directors and senior members of camera crews to discuss assignments and determine filming sequences, camera movements, and picture composition.
- Maintain inventories of audio and videotapes and related supplies.
- Obtain and preview musical performance programs prior to events to become familiar with the order and approximate times of pieces.
- Perform narration of productions or present announcements.
- Organize and maintain compliance, license, and warranty information related to audio and video facilities.
- Inform users of audio and videotaping service policies and procedures.
- Analyze and maintain data logs for audio-visual activities.
- Develop manuals, texts, workbooks, or related materials for use in conjunction with production materials or for training.
- Operate drones for aerial videography and photography during live events or for pre-recorded material.
- Purchase audio or video equipment.
- Plan and develop pre-production ideas into outlines, scripts, story boards, and graphics, using own ideas or specifications of assignments.
