11-9199.01 - Regulatory Affairs Managers

Updated 2019

Details Report for:
11-9199.01 - Regulatory Affairs Managers

Plan, direct, or coordinate production activities of an organization to ensure compliance with regulations and standard operating procedures.

Sample of reported job titles: Clinical Trials Systems Administrator, Global Regulatory Affairs Manager, Regulatory Affairs Director, Regulatory Affairs Manager, Regulatory Affairs Portfolio Leader, Regulatory Consultant, Regulatory Leader, Regulatory Product Manager

View report: Summary Details Custom

Tasks Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Importance	Category	Task
94	Core	Direct the preparation and submission of regulatory agency applications, reports, or correspondence.
89	Core	Review all regulatory agency submission materials to ensure timeliness, accuracy, comprehensiveness, or compliance with regulatory standards.
88	Core	Provide regulatory guidance to departments or development project teams regarding design, development, evaluation, or marketing of products.
87	Core	Formulate or implement regulatory affairs policies and procedures to ensure that regulatory compliance is maintained or enhanced.
86	Core	Communicate regulatory information to multiple departments and ensure that information is interpreted correctly.
86	Core	Manage activities such as audits, regulatory agency inspections, or product recalls.
85	Core	Develop regulatory strategies and implementation plans for the preparation and submission of new products.
83	Core	Provide responses to regulatory agencies regarding product information or issues.
83	Core	Maintain current knowledge of relevant regulations, including proposed and final rules.
78	Core	Investigate product complaints and prepare documentation and submissions to appropriate regulatory agencies as necessary.
77	Core	Review materials such as marketing literature or user manuals to ensure that regulatory agency requirements are met.
73	Core	Implement or monitor complaint processing systems to ensure effective and timely resolution of all complaint investigations.
73	Core	Represent organizations before domestic or international regulatory agencies on major policy matters or decisions regarding company products.
72	Core	Oversee documentation efforts to ensure compliance with domestic and international regulations and standards.
71	Core	Participate in the development or implementation of clinical trial protocols.
70	Core	Develop and maintain standard operating procedures or local working practices.
69	Core	Establish regulatory priorities or budgets and allocate resources and workloads.
67	Core	Train staff in regulatory policies or procedures.
65	Core	Monitor emerging trends regarding industry regulations to determine potential impacts on organizational processes.
65	Core	Establish procedures or systems for publishing document submissions in hardcopy or electronic formats.
59	Core	Contribute to the development or implementation of business unit strategic and operating plans.
57	Supplemental	Coordinate internal discoveries and depositions with legal department staff.
47	Supplemental	Evaluate new software publishing systems and confer with regulatory agencies concerning news or updates on electronic publishing of submissions.
Not available	Not available	Develop relationships with state or federal environmental regulatory agencies to learn about and analyze the potential impacts of proposed environmental policy regulations.
Not available	Not available	Evaluate regulatory affairs aspects that are specifically green, such as the use of toxic substances in packaging, carbon footprinting issues, or green policy implementation.
Not available	Not available	Monitor regulatory affairs activities to ensure their alignment with corporate sustainability or green initiatives.
Not available	Not available	Monitor regulatory affairs trends related to environmental issues.

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Technology Skills Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Analytical or scientific software — Analyse-it; Risk management software; Statistical analysis software
Compliance software — Aris Global Register; MediRegs Regulation and Reimbursement Suite; SAP EHS Management; Thomson Reuters Liquent InSight Suite (see all 10 examples)
Data base user interface and query software — Database software; Microsoft Access ; Structured query language SQL
Desktop publishing software — Document publishing software
Development environment software — Integrated development environment IDE software
Document management software — Adlib Express; Adobe Systems Adobe Acrobat ; Thomson Reuters Liquent CoreDossier Submission Accelerator for eCTD; Virtify eCTD (see all 32 examples)
Electronic mail software — Microsoft Outlook
Enterprise application integration software — XML authoring software
Enterprise resource planning ERP software — SAP
Graphics or photo imaging software — Microsoft Visio
Information retrieval or search software — Dialog DialogLink
Internet browser software — Web browser software
Office suite software — Microsoft Office
Operating system software — Microsoft Windows
Presentation software — Microsoft PowerPoint
Project management software — Microsoft Project ; Microsoft SharePoint ; Total quality management TQM software
Spreadsheet software — Microsoft Excel
Word processing software — Microsoft Word

Hot Technology — a technology requirement frequently included in employer job postings.

Tools Used Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Desktop computers
Laser fax machine — Laser facsimile machines
Laser printers — Computer laser printers
Notebook computers — Laptop computers
Personal computers
Photocopiers — Photocopying equipment
Special purpose telephones — Multi-line telephone systems

Knowledge Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Importance		Knowledge
81		English Language — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.
81		Law and Government — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
64		Medicine and Dentistry — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
63		Administration and Management — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
62		Biology — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
56		Clerical — Knowledge of administrative and clerical procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and other office procedures and terminology.
52		Education and Training — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
51		Chemistry — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
50		Computers and Electronics — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
50		Customer and Personal Service — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
46		Mathematics — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
46		Personnel and Human Resources — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
46		Production and Processing — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
42		Communications and Media — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
37		Public Safety and Security — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
36		Psychology — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
36		Sales and Marketing — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
35		Engineering and Technology — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
25		Design — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
24		Sociology and Anthropology — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures and their history and origins.
24		Telecommunications — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
20		Mechanical — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
19		Foreign Language — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
19		Physics — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub- atomic structures and processes.
18		Economics and Accounting — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
18		Geography — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
16		Therapy and Counseling — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
16		Transportation — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
14		Building and Construction — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
13		Food Production — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
13		History and Archeology — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
13		Philosophy and Theology — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
2		Fine Arts — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.

Skills Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Importance		Skill
78		Reading Comprehension — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work related documents.
75		Speaking — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
75		Writing — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
72		Active Listening — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
72		Critical Thinking — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems.
72		Judgment and Decision Making — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
69		Coordination — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
69		Monitoring — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
69		Time Management — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
66		Systems Analysis — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
63		Complex Problem Solving — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
63		Instructing — Teaching others how to do something.
63		Management of Personnel Resources — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
63		Negotiation — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
60		Active Learning — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
60		Operations Analysis — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
60		Persuasion — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
60		Social Perceptiveness — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
60		Systems Evaluation — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
53		Service Orientation — Actively looking for ways to help people.
47		Learning Strategies — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
38		Mathematics — Using mathematics to solve problems.
38		Science — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
28		Management of Financial Resources — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
25		Management of Material Resources — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
19		Operation Monitoring — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
10		Programming — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
10		Technology Design — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
6		Operation and Control — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
3		Quality Control Analysis — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
0		Equipment Maintenance — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
0		Equipment Selection — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
0		Installation — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
0		Repairing — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
0		Troubleshooting — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.

Abilities Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Importance		Ability
81		Written Comprehension — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
78		Oral Comprehension — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
78		Oral Expression — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
78		Written Expression — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
72		Deductive Reasoning — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
72		Problem Sensitivity — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing there is a problem.
72		Speech Clarity — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
69		Inductive Reasoning — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
69		Information Ordering — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
69		Speech Recognition — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
66		Near Vision — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
63		Fluency of Ideas — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
60		Category Flexibility — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
60		Originality — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
53		Selective Attention — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
44		Far Vision — The ability to see details at a distance.
44		Flexibility of Closure — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
44		Perceptual Speed — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
44		Time Sharing — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
38		Mathematical Reasoning — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
38		Memorization — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
38		Number Facility — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
38		Speed of Closure — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
35		Visualization — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
28		Hearing Sensitivity — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
25		Visual Color Discrimination — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
22		Auditory Attention — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
22		Finger Dexterity — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
16		Depth Perception — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
3		Trunk Strength — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without 'giving out' or fatiguing.
0		Arm-Hand Steadiness — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
0		Control Precision — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
0		Dynamic Flexibility — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
0		Dynamic Strength — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
0		Explosive Strength — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
0		Extent Flexibility — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
0		Glare Sensitivity — The ability to see objects in the presence of glare or bright lighting.
0		Gross Body Coordination — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
0		Gross Body Equilibrium — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
0		Manual Dexterity — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
0		Multilimb Coordination — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
0		Night Vision — The ability to see under low light conditions.
0		Peripheral Vision — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
0		Rate Control — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
0		Reaction Time — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
0		Response Orientation — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
0		Sound Localization — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
0		Spatial Orientation — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
0		Speed of Limb Movement — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
0		Stamina — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
0		Static Strength — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
0		Wrist-Finger Speed — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.

Work Activities Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Importance		Work Activity
93		Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
92		Getting Information — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
87		Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
85		Communicating with Persons Outside Organization — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
84		Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
83		Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
83		Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
82		Making Decisions and Solving Problems — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
81		Documenting/Recording Information — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
80		Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
77		Interacting With Computers — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
76		Developing Objectives and Strategies — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
74		Analyzing Data or Information — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
74		Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
73		Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
72		Processing Information — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
71		Scheduling Work and Activities — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
70		Developing and Building Teams — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
68		Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
68		Provide Consultation and Advice to Others — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
66		Coaching and Developing Others — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
65		Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
63		Training and Teaching Others — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
61		Thinking Creatively — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
58		Performing Administrative Activities — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
57		Monitor Processes, Materials, or Surroundings — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
57		Staffing Organizational Units — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
52		Selling or Influencing Others — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
51		Judging the Qualities of Things, Services, or People — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
49		Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
48		Monitoring and Controlling Resources — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
36		Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Material — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
33		Assisting and Caring for Others — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
22		Performing for or Working Directly with the Public — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
16		Controlling Machines and Processes — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
14		Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
13		Handling and Moving Objects — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
11		Performing General Physical Activities — Performing physical activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling of materials.
8		Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or water craft.
8		Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
2		Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

Detailed Work Activities Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Manage control system activities in organizations.
Review documents or materials for compliance with policies or regulations.
Advise others on legal or regulatory compliance matters.
Develop operating strategies, plans, or procedures.
Implement organizational process or policy changes.
Develop organizational policies or programs.
Communicate organizational policies and procedures.
Coordinate with external parties to exchange information.
Maintain knowledge of current developments in area of expertise.
Maintain regulatory or compliance documentation.
Prepare reports related to compliance matters.
Examine marketing materials to ensure compliance with policies or regulations.
Monitor organizational procedures to ensure proper functioning.
Represent the organization in external relations.
Develop organizational methods or procedures.
Develop organizational goals or objectives.
Prepare operational budgets.
Prepare staff schedules or work assignments.
Conduct employee training programs.
Monitor external affairs or events affecting business operations.
Confer with organizational members to accomplish work activities.
Coordinate operational activities with external stakeholders.
Evaluate potential of products, technologies, or resources.
Establish interpersonal business relationships to facilitate work activities.
Evaluate environmental impact of operational or development activities.
Monitor organizational compliance with regulations.

Find occupations related to multiple detailed work activities

Work Context Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Work Context

Percentage of Top Responses

Electronic Mail — How often do you use electronic mail in this job?


100	Every day

Telephone — How often do you have telephone conversations in this job?


88	Every day
12	Once a week or more but not every day

Work With Work Group or Team — How important is it to work with others in a group or team in this job?


70	Extremely important
30	Very important

Duration of Typical Work Week — Number of hours typically worked in one week.


84	More than 40 hours
16	40 hours

Face-to-Face Discussions — How often do you have to have face-to-face discussions with individuals or teams in this job?


75	Every day
16	Once a week or more but not every day

Spend Time Sitting — How much does this job require sitting?


75	Continually or almost continually
22	More than half the time

Contact With Others — How much does this job require the worker to be in contact with others (face-to-face, by telephone, or otherwise) in order to perform it?


58	Constant contact with others
30	Contact with others most of the time
12	Contact with others about half the time

Importance of Being Exact or Accurate — How important is being very exact or highly accurate in performing this job?


58	Extremely important
33	Very important

Letters and Memos — How often does the job require written letters and memos?


52	Every day
39	Once a week or more but not every day

Indoors, Environmentally Controlled — How often does this job require working indoors in environmentally controlled conditions?


79	Every day
12	Never

Structured versus Unstructured Work — To what extent is this job structured for the worker, rather than allowing the worker to determine tasks, priorities, and goals?


27	A lot of freedom
58	Some freedom
12	Limited freedom

Freedom to Make Decisions — How much decision making freedom, without supervision, does the job offer?


24	A lot of freedom
52	Some freedom
18	Limited freedom

Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results — What results do your decisions usually have on other people or the image or reputation or financial resources of your employer?


30	Very important results
48	Important results
15	Minor results

Time Pressure — How often does this job require the worker to meet strict deadlines?


33	Every day
30	Once a week or more but not every day
30	Once a month or more but not every week

Coordinate or Lead Others — How important is it to coordinate or lead others in accomplishing work activities in this job?


18	Extremely important
58	Very important
15	Important

Responsibility for Outcomes and Results — How responsible is the worker for work outcomes and results of other workers?


15	Very high responsibility
45	High responsibility
21	Moderate responsibility
18	Limited responsibility

Frequency of Decision Making — How frequently is the worker required to make decisions that affect other people, the financial resources, and/or the image and reputation of the organization?


30	Every day
27	Once a week or more but not every day
12	Once a month or more but not every week
27	Once a year or more but not every month

Deal With External Customers — How important is it to work with external customers or the public in this job?


21	Extremely important
27	Very important
36	Important

Frequency of Conflict Situations — How often are there conflict situations the employee has to face in this job?


15	Every day
36	Once a week or more but not every day
27	Once a month or more but not every week
18	Once a year or more but not every month

Consequence of Error — How serious would the result usually be if the worker made a mistake that was not readily correctable?


25	Extremely serious
25	Very serious
19	Serious
19	Fairly serious
13	Not serious at all

Importance of Repeating Same Tasks — How important is repeating the same physical activities (e.g., key entry) or mental activities (e.g., checking entries in a ledger) over and over, without stopping, to performing this job?


12	Extremely important
39	Very important
15	Important
12	Fairly important
21	Not important at all

Level of Competition — To what extent does this job require the worker to compete or to be aware of competitive pressures?


24	Highly competitive
45	Moderately competitive
12	Not at all competitive

Deal With Unpleasant or Angry People — How frequently does the worker have to deal with unpleasant, angry, or discourteous individuals as part of the job requirements?


18	Once a week or more but not every day
36	Once a month or more but not every week
24	Once a year or more but not every month
12	Never

Public Speaking — How often do you have to perform public speaking in this job?


24	Once a week or more but not every day
27	Once a month or more but not every week
42	Once a year or more but not every month

Physical Proximity — To what extent does this job require the worker to perform job tasks in close physical proximity to other people?


52	Slightly close (e.g., shared office)
39	I work with others but not closely (e.g., private office)

Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions — How much does this job require making repetitive motions?


32	More than half the time
29	Less than half the time
29	Never

Responsible for Others' Health and Safety — How much responsibility is there for the health and safety of others in this job?


12	High responsibility
15	Moderate responsibility
30	Limited responsibility
36	No responsibility

Degree of Automation — How automated is the job?


36	Moderately automated
21	Slightly automated
39	Not at all automated

Sounds, Noise Levels Are Distracting or Uncomfortable — How often does this job require working exposed to sounds and noise levels that are distracting or uncomfortable?


24	Once a year or more but not every month
55	Never

Spend Time Standing — How much does this job require standing?


75	Less than half the time
22	Never

Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets — How much does this job require wearing common protective or safety equipment such as safety shoes, glasses, gloves, hard hats or life jackets?


12	Once a week or more but not every day
33	Once a year or more but not every month
48	Never

Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls — How much does this job require using your hands to handle, control, or feel objects, tools or controls?


23	Less than half the time
60	Never

Spend Time Walking and Running — How much does this job require walking and running?


63	Less than half the time
34	Never

In an Enclosed Vehicle or Equipment — How often does this job require working in a closed vehicle or equipment (e.g., car)?


24	Once a year or more but not every month
64	Never

Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions — How often does this job require working in cramped work spaces that requires getting into awkward positions?


13	Once a year or more but not every month
81	Never

Exposed to Contaminants — How often does this job require working exposed to contaminants (such as pollutants, gases, dust or odors)?


12	Once a year or more but not every month
82	Never

Exposed to Disease or Infections — How often does this job require exposure to disease/infections?


15	Once a year or more but not every month
79	Never

Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings — How often does this job require exposure to minor burns, cuts, bites, or stings?


19	Once a year or more but not every month
74	Never

Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting — How often does this job require working in extremely bright or inadequate lighting conditions?


12	Once a year or more but not every month
82	Never

Spend Time Bending or Twisting the Body — How much does this job require bending or twisting your body?


21	Less than half the time
76	Never

Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection — How much does this job require wearing specialized protective or safety equipment such as breathing apparatus, safety harness, full protection suits, or radiation protection?


24	Once a year or more but not every month
73	Never

Very Hot or Cold Temperatures — How often does this job require working in very hot (above 90 F degrees) or very cold (below 32 F degrees) temperatures?


15	Once a year or more but not every month
82	Never

Deal With Physically Aggressive People — How frequently does this job require the worker to deal with physical aggression of violent individuals?


13	Once a year or more but not every month
84	Never

Exposed to Hazardous Conditions — How often does this job require exposure to hazardous conditions?


88	Never

Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled — How often does this job require working indoors in non-controlled environmental conditions (e.g., warehouse without heat)?


18	Once a year or more but not every month
79	Never

Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling — How much does this job require kneeling, crouching, stooping or crawling?


22	Less than half the time
78	Never

Exposed to Hazardous Equipment — How often does this job require exposure to hazardous equipment?


91	Never

Exposed to Radiation — How often does this job require exposure to radiation?


85	Never

Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment — How important is it to this job that the pace is determined by the speed of equipment or machinery? (This does not refer to keeping busy at all times on this job.)


91	Not important at all

Work Schedules — How regular are the work schedules for this job?


91	Regular (established routine, set schedule)

Outdoors, Under Cover — How often does this job require working outdoors, under cover (e.g., structure with roof but no walls)?


15	Once a year or more but not every month
85	Never

Exposed to High Places — How often does this job require exposure to high places?


94	Never

Outdoors, Exposed to Weather — How often does this job require working outdoors, exposed to all weather conditions?


12	Once a year or more but not every month
88	Never

Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles — How much does this job require climbing ladders, scaffolds, or poles?


97	Never

Exposed to Whole Body Vibration — How often does this job require exposure to whole body vibration (e.g., operate a jackhammer)?


97	Never

In an Open Vehicle or Equipment — How often does this job require working in an open vehicle or equipment (e.g., tractor)?


97	Never

Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance — How much does this job require keeping or regaining your balance?


97	Never

Job Zone Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Title	Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed
Education	Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.
Related Experience	A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified.
Job Training	Employees in these occupations usually need several years of work-related experience, on-the-job training, and/or vocational training.
Job Zone Examples	Many of these occupations involve coordinating, supervising, managing, or training others. Examples include accountants, sales managers, database administrators, graphic designers, chemists, art directors, and cost estimators.
SVP Range	(7.0 to < 8.0)

Education

Percentage of Respondents	Education Level Required
64	Bachelor's degree
21	Master's degree
6	Post-baccalaureate certificate

Credentials

Interests Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Occupational Interest		Interest
100		Enterprising — Enterprising occupations frequently involve starting up and carrying out projects. These occupations can involve leading people and making many decisions. Sometimes they require risk taking and often deal with business.
72		Conventional — Conventional occupations frequently involve following set procedures and routines. These occupations can include working with data and details more than with ideas. Usually there is a clear line of authority to follow.
39		Social — Social occupations frequently involve working with, communicating with, and teaching people. These occupations often involve helping or providing service to others.
17		Investigative — Investigative occupations frequently involve working with ideas, and require an extensive amount of thinking. These occupations can involve searching for facts and figuring out problems mentally.
11		Artistic — Artistic occupations frequently involve working with forms, designs and patterns. They often require self-expression and the work can be done without following a clear set of rules.
11		Realistic — Realistic occupations frequently involve work activities that include practical, hands-on problems and solutions. They often deal with plants, animals, and real-world materials like wood, tools, and machinery. Many of the occupations require working outside, and do not involve a lot of paperwork or working closely with others.

Work Styles Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Importance		Work Style
96		Integrity — Job requires being honest and ethical.
95		Attention to Detail — Job requires being careful about detail and thorough in completing work tasks.
85		Dependability — Job requires being reliable, responsible, and dependable, and fulfilling obligations.
83		Initiative — Job requires a willingness to take on responsibilities and challenges.
80		Leadership — Job requires a willingness to lead, take charge, and offer opinions and direction.
79		Stress Tolerance — Job requires accepting criticism and dealing calmly and effectively with high stress situations.
78		Adaptability/Flexibility — Job requires being open to change (positive or negative) and to considerable variety in the workplace.
78		Analytical Thinking — Job requires analyzing information and using logic to address work-related issues and problems.
78		Cooperation — Job requires being pleasant with others on the job and displaying a good-natured, cooperative attitude.
77		Achievement/Effort — Job requires establishing and maintaining personally challenging achievement goals and exerting effort toward mastering tasks.
77		Persistence — Job requires persistence in the face of obstacles.
76		Self Control — Job requires maintaining composure, keeping emotions in check, controlling anger, and avoiding aggressive behavior, even in very difficult situations.
68		Independence — Job requires developing one's own ways of doing things, guiding oneself with little or no supervision, and depending on oneself to get things done.
61		Innovation — Job requires creativity and alternative thinking to develop new ideas for and answers to work-related problems.
56		Social Orientation — Job requires preferring to work with others rather than alone, and being personally connected with others on the job.
49		Concern for Others — Job requires being sensitive to others' needs and feelings and being understanding and helpful on the job.

Work Values Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Extent		Work Value
67		Achievement — Occupations that satisfy this work value are results oriented and allow employees to use their strongest abilities, giving them a feeling of accomplishment. Corresponding needs are Ability Utilization and Achievement.
67		Independence — Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to work on their own and make decisions. Corresponding needs are Creativity, Responsibility and Autonomy.
61		Support — Occupations that satisfy this work value offer supportive management that stands behind employees. Corresponding needs are Company Policies, Supervision: Human Relations and Supervision: Technical.
61		Working Conditions — Occupations that satisfy this work value offer job security and good working conditions. Corresponding needs are Activity, Compensation, Independence, Security, Variety and Working Conditions.
56		Recognition — Occupations that satisfy this work value offer advancement, potential for leadership, and are often considered prestigious. Corresponding needs are Advancement, Authority, Recognition and Social Status.
56		Relationships — Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to provide service to others and work with co-workers in a friendly non-competitive environment. Corresponding needs are Co-workers, Moral Values and Social Service.

Related Occupations Save Table (XLS/CSV)

11-3071.01	Transportation Managers
11-3111.00	Compensation and Benefits Managers
11-3121.00	Human Resources Managers
11-9121.01	Clinical Research Coordinators Bright Outlook
13-1041.07	Regulatory Affairs Specialists Green
13-1071.00	Human Resources Specialists
13-1111.00	Management Analysts
13-1151.00	Training and Development Specialists
13-2011.02	Auditors
13-2099.04	Fraud Examiners, Investigators and Analysts

Wages & Employment Trends

Median wages data collected from Managers, All Other.
Employment data collected from Managers, All Other.
Industry data collected from Managers, All Other.

Median wages (2018)	$51.67 hourly, $107,480 annual
State wages

Employment (2016)	992,000 employees
Projected growth (2016-2026)	Average (5% to 9%)
Projected job openings (2016-2026)	79,200
State trends

Top industries (2016)	Government (12% employed in this sector) (see all industries)

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics 2018 wage data and 2016-2026 employment projections . "Projected growth" represents the estimated change in total employment over the projections period (2016-2026). "Projected job openings" represent openings due to growth and replacement.

Job Openings on the Web

Sources of Additional Information

Disclaimer: Sources are listed to provide additional information on related jobs, specialties, and/or industries. Links to non-DOL Internet sites are provided for your convenience and do not constitute an endorsement.