Updated 2018

Details Report for:
43-9031.00 - Desktop Publishers

Format typescript and graphic elements using computer software to produce publication-ready material.

Sample of reported job titles: Advertising Associate, Art Director, Computer Typesetter, Creative Director, Desktop Publishing Specialist, Electronic Console Display Operator, Electronic Imager, Graphic Artist, Mac Operator, Production Manager

View report: Summary Details Custom

Tasks Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Importance	Category	Task
95	Core	Check preliminary and final proofs for errors and make necessary corrections.
95	Core	Operate desktop publishing software and equipment to design, lay out, and produce camera-ready copy.
94	Core	Position text and art elements from a variety of databases in a visually appealing way to design print or web pages, using knowledge of type styles and size and layout patterns.
92	Core	Convert various types of files for printing or for the Internet, using computer software.
90	Core	Transmit, deliver or mail publication master to printer for production into film and plates.
88	Core	Study layout or other design instructions to determine work to be done and sequence of operations.
88	Core	Enter digitized data into electronic prepress system computer memory, using scanner, camera, keyboard, or mouse.
88	Core	View monitors for visual representation of work in progress and for instructions and feedback throughout process, making modifications as necessary.
88	Core	Import text and art elements, such as electronic clip art or electronic files from photographs that have been scanned or produced with a digital camera, using computer software.
87	Core	Collaborate with graphic artists, editors and writers to produce master copies according to design specifications.
87	Core	Select number of colors and determine color separations.
86	Core	Prepare sample layouts for approval, using computer software.
85	Core	Edit graphics and photos, using pixel or bitmap editing, airbrushing, masking, or image retouching.
85	Core	Enter text into computer keyboard and select the size and style of type, column width, and appropriate spacing for printed materials.
82	Core	Enter data, such as coordinates of images and color specifications, into system to retouch and make color corrections.
75	Core	Load floppy disks or tapes containing information into system.
74	Core	Store copies of publications on paper, magnetic tape, film or diskette.
60	Supplemental	Create special effects such as vignettes, mosaics, and image combining, and add elements such as sound and animation to electronic publications.

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Technology Skills Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Data base management system software — MySQL
Data base user interface and query software — Microsoft Access ; WordWeb
Data conversion software — AlgoLab Raster to Vector Conversion Toolkit; GTX RastorCAD; Potrace; Trix TracTrix (see all 5 examples)
Desktop publishing software — Adobe Systems Adobe InDesign ; Microsoft Publisher; QuarkXPress; Serif PagePlus (see all 13 examples)
Development environment software — Adobe Systems Adobe PostScript; Microsoft Visual Basic ; Scalable vector graphics SVG
Document management software — Adobe Systems Adobe Acrobat ; Color management software; Microsoft Office SharePoint Server MOSS
Enterprise application integration software — Extensible markup language XML
Graphics card driver software
Graphics or photo imaging software — Adobe Systems Adobe Photoshop ; Corel CorelDraw Graphics Suite; Microsoft Visio ; Vector drawing software (see all 20 examples)
Information retrieval or search software — Online image and graphics database software
Internet browser software
Map creation software — Mapping software
Object or component oriented development software — Adobe Systems Adobe ActionScript; Oracle Java ; Python ; Sun Microsystems Java (see all 5 examples)
Office suite software — Corel WordPerfect; Microsoft Office ; OpenOffice.org
Operating system software — Apple AppleScript; UNIX
Optical character reader OCR or scanning software — Corel CorelScan; Corel OCR-Trace 8; Nuance OmniPage Professional; PANTONE ColorVision ProfilerPlus
Presentation software — Microsoft PowerPoint
Printer driver software
Spell checkers — Spelling and grammar checking software
Spreadsheet software — Microsoft Excel
Video creation and editing software — Adobe Systems Adobe AfterEffects ; Corel WebDraw
Voice recognition software — Nuance Dragon NaturallySpeaking
Web page creation and editing software — Actuate DocBook; Adobe Systems Adobe Dreamweaver ; Adobe Systems Adobe Flash Player
Web platform development software — Cascading Style Sheets CSS ; Hypertext markup language HTML ; JavaScript ; jQuery (see all 5 examples)
Word processing software — Microsoft Word

Hot Technology — a technology requirement frequently included in employer job postings.

Tools Used Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Desktop computers
Graphics tablets — Pen tablets
Laser printers
Notebook computers
Scanners

Knowledge Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Importance		Knowledge
82		Computers and Electronics — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
77		Design — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
75		English Language — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.
67		Production and Processing — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
57		Communications and Media — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
55		Clerical — Knowledge of administrative and clerical procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and other office procedures and terminology.
54		Customer and Personal Service — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
53		Administration and Management — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
46		Fine Arts — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.
39		Education and Training — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
39		Mathematics — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
39		Sales and Marketing — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
38		Personnel and Human Resources — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
35		Telecommunications — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
31		Public Safety and Security — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
30		Sociology and Anthropology — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures and their history and origins.
29		Engineering and Technology — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
29		Psychology — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
26		Geography — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
24		Mechanical — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
22		Philosophy and Theology — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
20		Foreign Language — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
19		Law and Government — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
18		Economics and Accounting — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
18		Transportation — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
16		Physics — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub- atomic structures and processes.
13		History and Archeology — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
13		Therapy and Counseling — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
10		Chemistry — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
9		Biology — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
9		Building and Construction — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
9		Medicine and Dentistry — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
0		Food Production — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.

Skills Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Importance		Skill
72		Critical Thinking — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems.
69		Reading Comprehension — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work related documents.
63		Active Listening — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
63		Judgment and Decision Making — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
63		Speaking — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
60		Monitoring — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
60		Writing — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
56		Active Learning — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
56		Complex Problem Solving — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
56		Coordination — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
56		Time Management — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
50		Management of Personnel Resources — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
50		Operations Analysis — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
50		Service Orientation — Actively looking for ways to help people.
47		Learning Strategies — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
47		Persuasion — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
47		Quality Control Analysis — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
47		Social Perceptiveness — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
47		Systems Analysis — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
44		Instructing — Teaching others how to do something.
44		Programming — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
38		Negotiation — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
38		Operation and Control — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
38		Operation Monitoring — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
38		Systems Evaluation — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
31		Equipment Selection — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
31		Management of Material Resources — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
31		Mathematics — Using mathematics to solve problems.
31		Repairing — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
31		Troubleshooting — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
28		Equipment Maintenance — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
28		Management of Financial Resources — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
28		Technology Design — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
3		Installation — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
0		Science — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

Abilities Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Importance		Ability
85		Near Vision — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
75		Information Ordering — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
75		Visualization — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
69		Category Flexibility — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
69		Fluency of Ideas — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
69		Originality — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
69		Visual Color Discrimination — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
69		Written Comprehension — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
66		Oral Comprehension — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
66		Perceptual Speed — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
63		Deductive Reasoning — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
63		Problem Sensitivity — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing there is a problem.
63		Written Expression — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
60		Flexibility of Closure — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
60		Oral Expression — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
60		Selective Attention — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
60		Speech Clarity — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
56		Inductive Reasoning — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
56		Speech Recognition — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
50		Far Vision — The ability to see details at a distance.
50		Finger Dexterity — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
47		Arm-Hand Steadiness — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
47		Control Precision — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
47		Manual Dexterity — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
44		Speed of Closure — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
38		Memorization — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
38		Multilimb Coordination — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
38		Number Facility — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
38		Time Sharing — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
35		Depth Perception — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
35		Mathematical Reasoning — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
28		Wrist-Finger Speed — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
25		Hearing Sensitivity — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
22		Auditory Attention — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
22		Glare Sensitivity — The ability to see objects in the presence of glare or bright lighting.
22		Rate Control — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
22		Response Orientation — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
22		Sound Localization — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
22		Static Strength — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
22		Trunk Strength — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without 'giving out' or fatiguing.
19		Dynamic Strength — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
19		Extent Flexibility — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
19		Gross Body Coordination — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
19		Gross Body Equilibrium — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
19		Night Vision — The ability to see under low light conditions.
19		Reaction Time — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
19		Stamina — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
16		Peripheral Vision — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
16		Spatial Orientation — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
16		Speed of Limb Movement — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
0		Dynamic Flexibility — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
0		Explosive Strength — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.

Work Activities Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Importance		Work Activity
98		Interacting With Computers — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
92		Getting Information — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
90		Thinking Creatively — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
83		Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
83		Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
81		Processing Information — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
80		Making Decisions and Solving Problems — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
79		Communicating with Persons Outside Organization — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
78		Training and Teaching Others — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
75		Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
75		Scheduling Work and Activities — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
74		Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
73		Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
72		Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
71		Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
71		Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
69		Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
68		Provide Consultation and Advice to Others — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
67		Developing and Building Teams — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
66		Analyzing Data or Information — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
66		Monitor Processes, Materials, or Surroundings — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
64		Documenting/Recording Information — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
64		Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
63		Performing Administrative Activities — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
63		Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
61		Controlling Machines and Processes — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
60		Judging the Qualities of Things, Services, or People — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
58		Coaching and Developing Others — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
58		Developing Objectives and Strategies — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
58		Monitoring and Controlling Resources — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
57		Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
54		Staffing Organizational Units — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
53		Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Material — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
51		Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or water craft.
49		Performing for or Working Directly with the Public — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
46		Performing General Physical Activities — Performing physical activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling of materials.
45		Handling and Moving Objects — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
45		Selling or Influencing Others — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
37		Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
36		Assisting and Caring for Others — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
23		Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

Detailed Work Activities Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Format digital documents, data, or images.
Proofread documents, records, or other files to ensure accuracy.
Deliver items.
Send information, materials or documentation.
Enter information into databases or software programs.
Operate computers or computerized equipment.
Read work orders to determine material or setup requirements.
Confer with coworkers to coordinate work activities.
Select resources needed to accomplish tasks.
Store records or related materials.

Find occupations related to multiple detailed work activities

Work Context Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Work Context

Percentage of Top Responses

Indoors, Environmentally Controlled — How often does this job require working indoors in environmentally controlled conditions?

See more occupations related to this work context.


97	Every day

Electronic Mail — How often do you use electronic mail in this job?


93	Every day

Time Pressure — How often does this job require the worker to meet strict deadlines?


73	Every day
27	Once a week or more but not every day

Importance of Being Exact or Accurate — How important is being very exact or highly accurate in performing this job?


65	Extremely important
33	Very important

Work With Work Group or Team — How important is it to work with others in a group or team in this job?


72	Extremely important
15	Very important
14	Important

Face-to-Face Discussions — How often do you have to have face-to-face discussions with individuals or teams in this job?


81	Every day

Telephone — How often do you have telephone conversations in this job?


72	Every day
12	Once a week or more but not every day
11	Once a month or more but not every week

Spend Time Sitting — How much does this job require sitting?

Frequency of Decision Making — How frequently is the worker required to make decisions that affect other people, the financial resources, and/or the image and reputation of the organization?


67	Every day
12	Once a month or more but not every week
11	Once a year or more but not every month

Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results — What results do your decisions usually have on other people or the image or reputation or financial resources of your employer?


33	Important results
12	Moderate results

Contact With Others — How much does this job require the worker to be in contact with others (face-to-face, by telephone, or otherwise) in order to perform it?


32	Constant contact with others
64	Contact with others most of the time

Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions — How much does this job require making repetitive motions?


37	Continually or almost continually

Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls — How much does this job require using your hands to handle, control, or feel objects, tools or controls?


18	Never

Deal With External Customers — How important is it to work with external customers or the public in this job?


14	Not important at all

Structured versus Unstructured Work — To what extent is this job structured for the worker, rather than allowing the worker to determine tasks, priorities, and goals?


19	A lot of freedom

Freedom to Make Decisions — How much decision making freedom, without supervision, does the job offer?


26	A lot of freedom
26	Some freedom

Duration of Typical Work Week — Number of hours typically worked in one week.


14	Less than 40 hours

Coordinate or Lead Others — How important is it to coordinate or lead others in accomplishing work activities in this job?


68	Very important
12	Important
12	Not important at all

Level of Competition — To what extent does this job require the worker to compete or to be aware of competitive pressures?


33	Moderately competitive
11	Slightly competitive

Frequency of Conflict Situations — How often are there conflict situations the employee has to face in this job?


26	Once a year or more but not every month

Importance of Repeating Same Tasks — How important is repeating the same physical activities (e.g., key entry) or mental activities (e.g., checking entries in a ledger) over and over, without stopping, to performing this job?


25	Extremely important
13	Very important

Responsibility for Outcomes and Results — How responsible is the worker for work outcomes and results of other workers?


13	Very high responsibility
28	Limited responsibility
15	No responsibility

Consequence of Error — How serious would the result usually be if the worker made a mistake that was not readily correctable?


21	Very serious
11	Fairly serious
15	Not serious at all

Physical Proximity — To what extent does this job require the worker to perform job tasks in close physical proximity to other people?


22	Moderately close (at arm's length)
35	Slightly close (e.g., shared office)

Deal With Unpleasant or Angry People — How frequently does the worker have to deal with unpleasant, angry, or discourteous individuals as part of the job requirements?


20	Once a week or more but not every day
18	Once a month or more but not every week

Degree of Automation — How automated is the job?


13	Slightly automated
38	Not at all automated

Spend Time Walking and Running — How much does this job require walking and running?


14	Never

Spend Time Standing — How much does this job require standing?


20	Never

Letters and Memos — How often does the job require written letters and memos?


73	Once a year or more but not every month
17	Never

Sounds, Noise Levels Are Distracting or Uncomfortable — How often does this job require working exposed to sounds and noise levels that are distracting or uncomfortable?


19	Once a month or more but not every week
60	Never

Exposed to Contaminants — How often does this job require working exposed to contaminants (such as pollutants, gases, dust or odors)?

Work Schedules — How regular are the work schedules for this job?

Spend Time Bending or Twisting the Body — How much does this job require bending or twisting your body?

Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment — How important is it to this job that the pace is determined by the speed of equipment or machinery? (This does not refer to keeping busy at all times on this job.)

Exposed to Hazardous Equipment — How often does this job require exposure to hazardous equipment?

Responsible for Others' Health and Safety — How much responsibility is there for the health and safety of others in this job?


13	Moderate responsibility
21	Limited responsibility
65	No responsibility

Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling — How much does this job require kneeling, crouching, stooping or crawling?

Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings — How often does this job require exposure to minor burns, cuts, bites, or stings?

Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions — How often does this job require working in cramped work spaces that requires getting into awkward positions?


89	Never

Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting — How often does this job require working in extremely bright or inadequate lighting conditions?


94	Never

Very Hot or Cold Temperatures — How often does this job require working in very hot (above 90 F degrees) or very cold (below 32 F degrees) temperatures?


94	Never

Exposed to Hazardous Conditions — How often does this job require exposure to hazardous conditions?


95	Never

In an Enclosed Vehicle or Equipment — How often does this job require working in a closed vehicle or equipment (e.g., car)?


90	Never

Exposed to Disease or Infections — How often does this job require exposure to disease/infections?


98	Never

Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled — How often does this job require working indoors in non-controlled environmental conditions (e.g., warehouse without heat)?


98	Never

Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets — How much does this job require wearing common protective or safety equipment such as safety shoes, glasses, gloves, hard hats or life jackets?


98	Never

Deal With Physically Aggressive People — How frequently does this job require the worker to deal with physical aggression of violent individuals?


98	Never

Outdoors, Exposed to Weather — How often does this job require working outdoors, exposed to all weather conditions?


98	Never

Outdoors, Under Cover — How often does this job require working outdoors, under cover (e.g., structure with roof but no walls)?


98	Never

Public Speaking — How often do you have to perform public speaking in this job?


96	Never

Exposed to High Places — How often does this job require exposure to high places?


99	Never

Exposed to Radiation — How often does this job require exposure to radiation?


100	Never

Exposed to Whole Body Vibration — How often does this job require exposure to whole body vibration (e.g., operate a jackhammer)?


100	Never

In an Open Vehicle or Equipment — How often does this job require working in an open vehicle or equipment (e.g., tractor)?


100	Never

Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles — How much does this job require climbing ladders, scaffolds, or poles?


99	Never

Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance — How much does this job require keeping or regaining your balance?


99	Never

Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection — How much does this job require wearing specialized protective or safety equipment such as breathing apparatus, safety harness, full protection suits, or radiation protection?


100	Never

Job Zone Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Title	Job Zone Three: Medium Preparation Needed
Education	Most occupations in this zone require training in vocational schools, related on-the-job experience, or an associate's degree.
Related Experience	Previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is required for these occupations. For example, an electrician must have completed three or four years of apprenticeship or several years of vocational training, and often must have passed a licensing exam, in order to perform the job.
Job Training	Employees in these occupations usually need one or two years of training involving both on-the-job experience and informal training with experienced workers. A recognized apprenticeship program may be associated with these occupations.
Job Zone Examples	These occupations usually involve using communication and organizational skills to coordinate, supervise, manage, or train others to accomplish goals. Examples include hydroelectric production managers, travel guides, electricians, agricultural technicians, barbers, court reporters, and medical assistants.
SVP Range	(6.0 to < 7.0)

Education

Percentage of Respondents	Education Level Required
28	Associate's degree
27	Bachelor's degree
18	Post-secondary certificate

Credentials

Interests Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Occupational Interest		Interest
83		Artistic — Artistic occupations frequently involve working with forms, designs and patterns. They often require self-expression and the work can be done without following a clear set of rules.
50		Investigative — Investigative occupations frequently involve working with ideas, and require an extensive amount of thinking. These occupations can involve searching for facts and figuring out problems mentally.
45		Conventional — Conventional occupations frequently involve following set procedures and routines. These occupations can include working with data and details more than with ideas. Usually there is a clear line of authority to follow.
39		Realistic — Realistic occupations frequently involve work activities that include practical, hands-on problems and solutions. They often deal with plants, animals, and real-world materials like wood, tools, and machinery. Many of the occupations require working outside, and do not involve a lot of paperwork or working closely with others.
17		Enterprising — Enterprising occupations frequently involve starting up and carrying out projects. These occupations can involve leading people and making many decisions. Sometimes they require risk taking and often deal with business.
6		Social — Social occupations frequently involve working with, communicating with, and teaching people. These occupations often involve helping or providing service to others.

Work Styles Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Importance		Work Style
97		Attention to Detail — Job requires being careful about detail and thorough in completing work tasks.
89		Cooperation — Job requires being pleasant with others on the job and displaying a good-natured, cooperative attitude.
86		Dependability — Job requires being reliable, responsible, and dependable, and fulfilling obligations.
86		Innovation — Job requires creativity and alternative thinking to develop new ideas for and answers to work-related problems.
83		Adaptability/Flexibility — Job requires being open to change (positive or negative) and to considerable variety in the workplace.
81		Initiative — Job requires a willingness to take on responsibilities and challenges.
76		Analytical Thinking — Job requires analyzing information and using logic to address work-related issues and problems.
76		Integrity — Job requires being honest and ethical.
75		Achievement/Effort — Job requires establishing and maintaining personally challenging achievement goals and exerting effort toward mastering tasks.
75		Independence — Job requires developing one's own ways of doing things, guiding oneself with little or no supervision, and depending on oneself to get things done.
75		Self Control — Job requires maintaining composure, keeping emotions in check, controlling anger, and avoiding aggressive behavior, even in very difficult situations.
71		Stress Tolerance — Job requires accepting criticism and dealing calmly and effectively with high stress situations.
70		Persistence — Job requires persistence in the face of obstacles.
70		Social Orientation — Job requires preferring to work with others rather than alone, and being personally connected with others on the job.
68		Concern for Others — Job requires being sensitive to others' needs and feelings and being understanding and helpful on the job.
62		Leadership — Job requires a willingness to lead, take charge, and offer opinions and direction.

Work Values Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Extent		Work Value
67		Achievement — Occupations that satisfy this work value are results oriented and allow employees to use their strongest abilities, giving them a feeling of accomplishment. Corresponding needs are Ability Utilization and Achievement.
45		Support — Occupations that satisfy this work value offer supportive management that stands behind employees. Corresponding needs are Company Policies, Supervision: Human Relations and Supervision: Technical.
39		Independence — Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to work on their own and make decisions. Corresponding needs are Creativity, Responsibility and Autonomy.
39		Recognition — Occupations that satisfy this work value offer advancement, potential for leadership, and are often considered prestigious. Corresponding needs are Advancement, Authority, Recognition and Social Status.
33		Working Conditions — Occupations that satisfy this work value offer job security and good working conditions. Corresponding needs are Activity, Compensation, Independence, Security, Variety and Working Conditions.
28		Relationships — Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to provide service to others and work with co-workers in a friendly non-competitive environment. Corresponding needs are Co-workers, Moral Values and Social Service.

Related Occupations Save Table (XLS/CSV)

15-1134.00	Web Developers
15-1151.00	Computer User Support Specialists
15-1199.03	Web Administrators
17-3031.02	Mapping Technicians
25-9011.00	Audio-Visual and Multimedia Collections Specialists
27-1014.00	Multimedia Artists and Animators
27-4011.00	Audio and Video Equipment Technicians Bright Outlook
27-4014.00	Sound Engineering Technicians
27-4032.00	Film and Video Editors
43-9011.00	Computer Operators

Wages & Employment Trends

Median wages (2018)	$20.63 hourly, $42,910 annual
State wages

Employment (2016)	15,000 employees
Projected growth (2016-2026)	Decline (-2% or lower)
Projected job openings (2016-2026)	1,200
State trends

Top industries (2016)	Information (37% employed in this sector) Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services (14%) Manufacturing (12%) (see all industries)

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics 2018 wage data and 2016-2026 employment projections . "Projected growth" represents the estimated change in total employment over the projections period (2016-2026). "Projected job openings" represent openings due to growth and replacement.

Job Openings on the Web

Sources of Additional Information

Disclaimer: Sources are listed to provide additional information on related jobs, specialties, and/or industries. Links to non-DOL Internet sites are provided for your convenience and do not constitute an endorsement.